General Knowledge - MCQ Practice Questions

Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India (1950-1962), was from Ziradei in Bihar and was a prominent freedom fighter and Gandhian.

# ISRO Establishment Date - Step-by-Step Solution

Dr. Vikram Sarabhai founded the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on a significant date in independent India's scientific history.

Step 1: Historical Context

The Indian Space Research Organisation was established by Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, a renowned physicist and space scientist, to develop India's indigenous space program and satellite technology capabilities during the early years of independent India.

Step 2: Correct Date Identification

ISRO was officially established on August 15, 1969, which coincided with India's Independence Day celebration. This date marked a major milestone in India's scientific and technological advancement, enabling the nation to pursue independent space exploration and research programs.

Final Answer: (A) August 15, 1969

Kalpana Chawla, born in Karnal, India, died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster on February 1, 2003, along with six other crew members during re-entry into Earth's atmosphere.

Arundhati Roy won the prestigious Booker Prize in 1997 for her debut novel 'The God of Small Things', which remains one of India's most celebrated literary works.

Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885, which became the primary vehicle for India's independence movement.

Chandrayaan-3, India's lunar mission, successfully landed near the Moon's south polar region in August 2023, achieving a historic milestone and making India the fourth country to soft-land on the Moon.

Jagdeep Dhankhar has been serving as the Vice President of India since August 2022 and continues in this constitutional position as of 2024.

Swami Vivekananda, a chief disciple of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, founded the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897.

Stephen Hawking, the renowned British physicist, authored 'A Brief History of Time' published in 1988.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828, a major socio-religious reform movement in India.

'Discovery of India' is a seminal work written by Jawaharlal Nehru, published in 1946.

# Solution: First Woman to Receive Bharat Ratna

The Bharat Ratna is India's highest civilian award, and determining the first woman recipient requires examining the chronological order of awardees.

Step 1: Understanding the Bharat Ratna Award

The Bharat Ratna was instituted in 1954 and is awarded to individuals for exceptional service to the nation in any field. The award recognizes outstanding contributions to art, science, public services, and literature.

Step 2: Identifying the First Woman Recipient

Indira Gandhi, who served as Prime Minister of India from 1966-1977 and 1980-1984, became the first woman to receive the Bharat Ratna in 1971. This was awarded in recognition of her political leadership and contributions to the nation.

Final Answer: (A) Indira Gandhi — She received the Bharat Ratna in 1971, making her the first woman to receive India's highest civilian honor.

S. Somanath, as Chairman of ISRO, oversaw the successful Chandrayaan-3 mission that achieved a soft landing on the moon's south pole in 2023-2024.

Sanjay Malhotra assumed office as RBI Governor in December 2023, continuing into 2024 with focus on monetary policy and financial stability.

Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British official, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885, which became the primary vehicle for Indian independence.

CV Raman discovered the Raman Effect in 1928 and became the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.

Droupadi Murmu became the 15th President of India in 2022, serving as the first tribal woman President of the country.

Bachhendri Pal became the first Indian woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest in 1984, an historic achievement in mountaineering.

# Solution: Droupadi Murmu's Gubernatorial Position

This question tests knowledge of recent Indian political history and the career progression of the current President.

Step 1: Understanding Droupadi Murmu's Background

Droupadi Murmu is a prominent tribal politician from Odisha who held several important positions before becoming President. She served as Governor of Jharkhand from 2015 to 2021, where she gained recognition for her administrative work and earned respect across political lines.

Step 2: Identifying Her Pre-Presidential Role

After her tenure as Governor of Jharkhand ended in 2021, Murmu was nominated as the NDA's presidential candidate in 2022. She won the election and became India's 15th President, making her the first tribal and the second woman to hold this position.

Final Answer: (A) Jharkhand

Droupadi Murmu served as the Governor of Jharkhand before becoming the President of India in 2022.

The ancient Olympic Games were held in Olympia, Greece, starting from 776 BC. They were dedicated to Zeus and remained a major sporting event for over 12 centuries.