What does the 'Perform, Achieve and Trade' (PAT) scheme under the Energy Conservation Act primarily focus on?
Answer: B
PAT is a market-based mechanism to improve energy efficiency in large energy-consuming industries with tradable credits for over-achievement.
Q.2Hard
What is the target for Afforestation and Natural Forest Management under the National Action Plan on Climate Change?
Answer: A
NAPCC's afforestation mission aims to increase forest and tree cover to 10 million hectares by 2027 for carbon sequestration and ecosystem services.
Q.3Hard
Which river linking project is currently under implementation in India as part of inter-basin water transfer?
Answer: A
The Ken-Betwa Link Project in Madhya Pradesh is under development to transfer surplus water from Ken to water-deficit Betwa basin.
Q.4Hard
Which initiative aims to promote water harvesting and groundwater recharge in rural areas under conservation agriculture?
Answer: D
India's water conservation strategy integrates multiple schemes including PMKSY, Jal Shakti Abhiyan, and micro-irrigation for sustainable water management.
Q.5Hard
Which initiative provides financial incentives for renewable energy projects under the Renewable Energy Generation Certificate (RECS) system?
Answer: C
RECS allows renewable energy generators to earn certificates for every MWh of electricity generated, which can be traded for financial benefit.
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Q.6Hard
Which scheme provides financial assistance to farmers for adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices?
Answer: B
NAFCC supports adaptation projects in vulnerable sectors including agriculture to build resilience against climate impacts.
Q.7Hard
Which regulation ensures mandatory disclosure of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) metrics by Indian companies?
Answer: A
SEBI's BRSR framework mandates top-listed companies to disclose detailed ESG performance metrics and governance practices.
Q.8Hard
Which pollutant monitoring standard was set by India's Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for PM 2.5 in 2024?
Answer: B
CPCB's National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) set PM 2.5 limit at 40 µg/m³ annual average for residential areas.
Q.9Hard
The Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted by India focus on achieving what by 2030?
Answer: C
India's NDCs commit to reducing the carbon intensity of GDP by 40% by 2030 and achieving 50% of cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel sources.
Q.10Hard
India's commitment to achieve 'Net Zero by 2070' was announced at which international forum?
Answer: B
Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced India's commitment to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2070 at the COP26 conference in Glasgow in November 2021.
Q.11Hard
The National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) in India focuses on which conservation priority?
Answer: B
The NWAP provides a comprehensive framework for wildlife conservation including habitat protection, species conservation, biodiversity management, and addressing human-wildlife conflicts.
Q.12Hard
India's 'Green Hydrogen Mission' launched in 2023 aims to produce green hydrogen at what cost per kg by 2030?
Answer: C
The National Green Hydrogen Mission targets a production cost of ₹150 per kg by 2030 to make green hydrogen economically competitive.
Q.13Hard
Which state has been the first in India to implement 'River Cess' to generate funds for river conservation and restoration?
Answer: C
Maharashtra implemented River Cess on sand mining to fund river rejuvenation and conservation projects across the state.
Q.14Hard
India's ratification of the 'Minamata Convention' addresses pollution from which substance?
Answer: A
The Minamata Convention (2013) addresses global mercury pollution and its effects on human health and the environment.
Q.15Hard
The 'Narmada River Waters Dispute Tribunal' judgment was delivered in which year, allocating waters among riparian states?
Answer: A
The Narmada Waters Dispute Tribunal Award was delivered in 1979, setting water allocation quotas for Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra.
Q.16Hard
What is the primary focus of the 'Aichi Biodiversity Targets' framework established under the Convention on Biological Diversity?
Answer: B
The Aichi Targets (2011-2020) aimed to halt biodiversity loss and ensure ecosystem resilience and services.
Q.17Hard
Which of the following best explains 'Ecological Footprint'?
Answer: B
Ecological footprint measures the biologically productive area needed to support human activities, including resource consumption and waste absorption.
Q.18Hard
Which factor is NOT typically considered in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies for developmental projects?
Answer: C
EIA focuses on environmental and social impacts, not the financial cost to developers. Economic viability is addressed through separate financial analyses.
Q.19Hard
The 'Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)' framework as applied to plastic waste management in India places primary responsibility on which stakeholder?
Answer: B
EPR is a policy approach that places the responsibility for managing the end-of-life of a product on the manufacturer, importer, or producer. This incentivizes them to design products that are easier to recycle and manage waste sustainably, as per India's Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016 (amended 2024).
