NEET Zoology - MCQ Practice Questions

Monoculture plantations reduce species and genetic diversity, making ecosystems more vulnerable to disturbances and less stable.

The CBD's post-2020 global biodiversity framework targets 30% land protection by 2030, known as the '30 by 30' target.

The Western Ghats qualify as a biodiversity hotspot due to their exceptional species richness, with over 50% endemic species and significant ongoing habitat destruction from human activities.

Gause's competitive exclusion principle states that two species with identical ecological niches cannot coexist indefinitely. Classic laboratory experiments with Paramecium species demonstrated that one species outcompetes and excludes the other.

The phosphorus cycle is primarily abiotic, involving weathering of rocks, sedimentation, and geological processes, with minimal involvement of microorganisms compared to nitrogen or carbon cycles.

Asian elephants are keystone species in Indian forests because their feeding and movement patterns significantly influence forest structure, vegetation composition, and create habitats for other species.

Habitat fragmentation, resulting from urbanization, agriculture, and infrastructure development, is identified as the primary driver of biodiversity loss in India, more significant than other factors.

Energy pyramids are always upright because energy decreases at each trophic level due to metabolic losses, following the second law of thermodynamics, unlike biomass or number pyramids which can be inverted.

Directional selection operates when antibiotics kill susceptible bacteria, providing selective advantage to resistant strains, continuously shifting the population toward greater antibiotic resistance.

Community Reserves in India are established on community or private land to protect species, habitats, and ecosystems while allowing local communities sustainable use, balancing conservation with livelihood needs.

r-selected species (like insects and small rodents) typically produce many offspring with minimal parental investment and care. K-selected species (like elephants and humans) show extended parental care.

Density-independent factors (like weather, drought, floods) affect populations regardless of their density, whereas disease and competition are density-dependent as their impact increases with higher population density.

With abundant resources and low initial population density, the deer population exhibits exponential growth (J-shaped curve). The carrying capacity has not yet been reached as numbers are still increasing rapidly without stabilization.

Golden Rice is genetically modified to produce beta-carotene (provitamin A), addressing vitamin A deficiency in developing countries.

Southern blotting uses labeled probes to identify specific DNA sequences in clones, allowing isolation of desired clones from genomic libraries.

CRISPR-Cas9 is faster, cheaper, and more precise than traditional gene editing methods like zinc finger nucleases or TALENs.

Bt Cotton is the most extensively cultivated GM crop in India since its introduction in 2002, covering millions of hectares across multiple states.

Selectable marker genes (like antibiotic resistance genes) allow researchers to identify and select only those cells that have successfully incorporated the recombinant plasmid.

Recombinant human insulin produced through genetic engineering is a major medical biotechnology application, revolutionizing diabetes treatment.

DNA fingerprinting uses variable DNA regions to create unique profiles for identification in forensics, paternity testing, and population studies.