GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) from the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH, initiating the reproductive cycle.
Q.2Medium
In females, the LH surge causes:
Answer: B
The LH (Luteinizing Hormone) surge triggers ovulation, the release of a mature ovum from the ovary, typically occurring around day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
Q.3Medium
Which contraceptive method has the highest efficacy rate in India as per 2024 guidelines?
Answer: B
Copper T IUD has the highest efficacy rate at 99.2%, making it one of the most reliable contraceptive methods available in India.
Q.4Medium
What is the primary cause of infertility in males in India?
Answer: B
Oligospermia (low sperm count) and asthenozoospermia (poor motility) are the major causes of male infertility, often due to lifestyle factors, infections, or genetic issues.
Q.5Medium
A 25-year-old woman has irregular menstrual cycles with heavy bleeding. What could be a likely cause?
Answer: A
PCOS is characterized by irregular cycles, heavy bleeding, and hormonal imbalances. It's a common cause of menstrual irregularities in reproductive-age women.
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Q.6Medium
Which of the following is a natural method of family planning?
Answer: B
The Billings ovulation method is a natural family planning technique based on observing changes in cervical mucus to identify fertile days.
Q.7Medium
What is the significance of hCG (human Chorionic Gonadotropin) in pregnancy?
Answer: A
hCG, produced by the trophoblast after implantation, maintains the corpus luteum, ensuring continued progesterone production essential for pregnancy maintenance.
Q.8Medium
During which phase of the menstrual cycle are FSH levels highest?
Answer: C
FSH levels peak during the follicular phase, stimulating follicle development and estrogen production. Levels decline after ovulation.
Q.9Medium
Which of the following contraceptive methods has the highest failure rate among barrier methods?
Answer: C
Diaphragm has a failure rate of 12% with typical use, higher than male condoms (18%) and female condoms (21%) when considering perfect vs typical use. However, among barrier methods, diaphragm shows higher typical-use failure rates.
Q.10Medium
A woman exhibits symptoms of amenorrhea, hirsutism, and obesity. What could be the most likely endocrine disorder affecting her reproductive health?
Answer: C
PCOS presents with the triad of amenorrhea/oligomenorrhea, hirsutism (due to androgen excess), and obesity. It's the most common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-age women in India.
Q.11Medium
Which of the following statements about lactation is correct?
Answer: D
Prolactin maintains and sustains milk secretion, while oxytocin causes milk ejection reflex. Frequent suckling increases prolactin levels and maintains lactation.
Q.12Medium
At what level of hCG concentration in serum is an ectopic pregnancy typically detected via ultrasound?
Answer: B
Ectopic pregnancy is typically visible on transvaginal ultrasound when serum hCG levels reach 1000-2000 mIU/mL (discriminatory zone), though this varies.
Q.13Medium
Which oral contraceptive formulation has the lowest risk of thromboembolic events?
Answer: D
Progestin-only pills (minipills) have minimal thromboembolic risk as they lack estrogen. Combined oral contraceptives carry increasing risk: second-generation < third-generation < drospirenone-containing pills.
Q.14Medium
What is the primary mechanism of action of levonorgestrel emergency contraception?
Answer: B
Levonorgestrel emergency contraception works primarily by inhibiting or delaying ovulation, especially when taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse.
Q.15Medium
Which of the following is NOT a recognized complication of untreated gonorrhea in females?
Answer: C
While gonorrhea can cause PID, tubal infertility, and Bartholin's abscess/cyst, meningitis is not a typical complication. Meningitis is more associated with meningococcal infection.
Q.16Medium
Which sexually transmitted infection is characterized by 'strawberry cervix' appearance?
Answer: B
Trichomonas vaginalis causes a distinctive 'strawberry cervix' appearance with petechial hemorrhages. It also causes frothy yellow-green vaginal discharge.
Q.17Medium
A 35-year-old couple seeks fertility consultation after 3 years of infertility. Which investigation should be performed first?
Answer: B
Semen analysis is the first investigation as it's non-invasive, cost-effective, and male factor infertility accounts for ~40% of cases. It helps establish baseline fertility status.
Q.18Medium
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the rhythm method of contraception?
Answer: A
The rhythm method requires regular menstrual cycles to predict fertile days. It has a typical-use failure rate of 24% and is unreliable with irregular cycles.
Q.19Medium
Which hormone is responsible for maintaining the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?
Answer: C
hCG produced by trophoblastic tissue maintains the corpus luteum during early pregnancy (until ~10-12 weeks), preventing menstruation and ensuring progesterone production.
Q.20Medium
What is the typical success rate of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in women under 35 years of age in India?
Answer: B
IVF success rates in women <35 years are approximately 25-35% per cycle in India, declining with maternal age. Success depends on ovarian reserve, sperm quality, and laboratory conditions.
