Quantitative Aptitude - MCQ Practice Questions

Step 1: CP of 3 articles = ₹100, so CP of 1 article = $\frac{100}{3}$.

Step 2: SP of 2 articles = ₹100, so SP of 1 article = $\frac{100}{2}$ = ₹50.

Step 3: Profit on 1 article = 50 - $\frac{100}{3}$ = $\frac{150}{3}$ - $\frac{100}{3}$ = $\frac{50}{3}$.

Step 4: Profit% = ($\frac{50}{3}$)/($\frac{100}{3}$) × 100 = ($\frac{50}{100}$) × 100 = 50%.

So option B is correct.

Step 1: After 15% discount: 2000 - (15% of 2000) = 2000 - 300 = ₹1700.

Step 2: After 10% discount on ₹1700: 1700 - (10% of 1700) = 1700 - 170 = ₹1530.

Step 3: This is the SP.

If profit is 20%, then SP = CP × 1.2, so 1530 = CP × 1.2.

Step 4: CP = $\frac{1530}{1}$.2 = ₹1275 ≈ ₹1300.

So option B is correct.

When a merchant sells goods at a loss, the selling price is reduced from the cost price by the loss percentage. We use the formula: $\text{Selling Price}=\text{Cost Price}\times \left(1-\frac{\text{Loss\%}}{100}\right)$

Step 1: Identify the given information

Step 2: Apply the loss formula

When there is a loss of 15%, the selling price is 85% of the cost price:

Step 3: Simplify the percentage

Step 4: Calculate the selling price

Answer: The merchant sold the goods at Rs. 1700 (Option A)

Let manufacturer's CP = x. Wholesaler's CP = 1.2x. Retailer's CP = 1.2x × 1.25 = 1.5x. Customer pays = 1.5x × 1.3 = 1.95x = 1,950. So x = 1,000.

SP = ₹432 at 10% loss. CP = $\frac{432}{0}$.9 = ₹480. For 20% profit: SP = 480 × 1.2 = ₹576.

Let CP = 100. MP = 160. SP = 160 × 0.75 = 120. Profit = 20%.

Article 1: CP₁ = $\frac{1200}{1}$.2 = ₹1,000. Article 2: CP₂ = $\frac{1200}{0}$.8 = ₹1,500. Total CP = ₹2,500, Total SP = ₹2,400. Loss = 4%.

CP per book = $\frac{400}{5}$ = ₹80. SP per book = $\frac{400}{4}$ = ₹100. Profit = $\frac{20}{80}$ × 100 = 25%.

SP = MP × 0.8 × 0.85 = MP × 0.68 = 1,292. MP = 1,$\frac{292}{0}$.68 = ₹1,900.

CP of 200 eggs = ($\frac{200}{12}$) × 12 = ₹200. SP = (120 × 1.5) + (80 × 1) = 180 + 80 = ₹260. Profit = $\frac{60}{200}$ × 100 = 25%.

Let CP of 1 item = x. Then 12x = 10 × SP. SP = 1.2x. Profit = 20%.

To find the selling price for a desired profit, we must first find the cost price using the loss information, then calculate the new selling price for the desired gain.

Step 1: Find the Cost Price (CP)

When selling at ₹5 per kg results in a 10% loss, we use:

Step 2: Calculate Selling Price for 15% Gain

For a 15% gain, the selling price should be:

Step 3: Simplify

Answer: ₹6.39 per kg (Option A)

SP = 2,000 × 0.8 × 0.9 × 0.95 = 2,000 × 0.684 = ₹1,368.

SP = ($\frac{4}{3}$)CP. Profit = SP - CP = ($\frac{4}{3}$)CP - CP = ($\frac{1}{3}$)CP. Profit% = ($\frac{1}{3}$)/(CP) × 100 = 33.33%.

To find profit, we must track the cost price (including transportation) and selling price (after markup and discount).

Step 1: Calculate total cost price

The merchant buys goods for ₹6,000 and pays 10% extra for transportation:

Step 2: Calculate marked price

He marks up the goods by 25% on the cost price:

Step 3: Calculate selling price after discount

He offers a discount of 8% on the marked price:

Step 4: Calculate profit

Answer: The profit is ₹990 (Option A)

CP per kg = $\frac{150}{3}$ = ₹50. SP per kg = $\frac{120}{2}$ = ₹60. Profit per kg = ₹10. Profit% = $\frac{10}{50}$ × 100 = 20%.

Item 1 SP = 1,000 × 1.2 = ₹1,200. Item 2 SP = 1,000 × 0.85 = ₹850. Total SP = ₹2,050. Total CP = ₹2,000. Net profit = ₹50.

Let CP = 3x, MP = 5x. SP = 5x × 0.8 = 4x. Profit = 4x - 3x = x. Profit% = x/3x × 100 = 33.33%.

Let CP = 100. Current SP = 75 (25% loss). Desired SP = 125 (25% profit). Increase = 125 - 75 = 50. Percentage increase = $\frac{50}{75}$ × 100 = 66.67%.

For 4 items: Total marked price = ₹400. Customer pays for 3 = ₹300. Discount = $\frac{100}{400}$ × 100 = 25%.