Quantitative Aptitude - MCQ Practice Questions

Let CP = x. SP = 1.15x. New CP = 0.9x. New SP = 1.15x - 4. New profit = 30%, so 1.15x - 4 = 1.3(0.9x). Solving: 1.15x - 4 = 1.17x gives x = 200

CP per mango = $\frac{10}{4}$ = 2.5. SP per mango = $\frac{14}{5}$ = 2.8. Profit = 0.3. Profit% = (0.$\frac{3}{2}$.5) × 100 = 12%

Let CP = 100. MP = 145. After 15% discount: 145 × $\frac{85}{100}$ = 123.25. After 10% discount: 123.25 × $\frac{90}{100}$ = 110.925. Profit% = 10.925% ≈ 11.35%

First article: CP₁ = $\frac{1000}{1}$.25 = 800. Second article: CP₂ = $\frac{1000}{0}$.75 = 1333.33. Total CP = 2133.33, Total SP = 2000. Loss% = (133.$\frac{33}{2133}$.33) × 100 = 6.25%

Let CP = x, MP = y. SP = 0.75y. Profit = 25%, so SP = 1.25x. Therefore, 0.75y = 1.25x. Ratio CP:MP = x:y = 0.75:1.25 = 3:5

This problem involves understanding profit and loss relationships under different buying and selling scenarios.

Step 1: Set Up Variables for Current Transaction

Let the cost price be C. The merchant sells at ₹504 with some profit.

Step 2: Set Up the Hypothetical Scenario Equation

If he bought at 10% more and sold at ₹28 less, he would incur a 10% loss.

Step 3: Apply Loss Formula

In a loss scenario: Cost Price = Selling Price + Loss

Step 4: Solve for Cost Price

The cost price is ₹480.81, which rounds to ₹481 (Option D).

# Average Cost Calculation in Profit-Loss Problems

To find the average cost, we need to calculate the total amount spent on all goods and divide by the total quantity of goods purchased.

Step 1: Calculate Selling Price of First Transaction

The merchant bought goods for ₹10,000 and sold them at 20% profit, but we need the total cost invested.

Step 2: Calculate Actual Cost of Second Transaction

The merchant bought goods for ₹15,000 at a 10% loss, meaning ₹15,000 is the selling price, not cost price.

Step 3: Calculate Average Cost

The average cost is the total amount spent divided by the number of transactions (treating each purchase as one unit).

Note: Given the answer options, the question likely interprets "average cost" as the mean of the two transaction amounts: ₹(10,000 + 15,000)/2 = ₹12,500

Final Answer: (D) ₹12,500