BPSC (Bihar) - MCQ Practice Questions
BPSC candidates face a paper that mixes standard general studies with a substantial Bihar component. Practice here covers Bihar history and geography, Indian polity, economy, general science, and current affairs, with the state material treated as its own subject rather than an afterthought. Explanations give enough background that the same fact is usable in a mains answer, not only in a prelims option.
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निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा शब्द 'प्रत्यय' से बना है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि कौन सा शब्द प्रत्यय जोड़कर बना है।
Step 1: प्रत्यय की परिभाषा
प्रत्यय वे शब्दांश हैं जो शब्द के अंत में जुड़कर नया शब्द बनाते हैं।
Step 2: विकल्पों का विश्लेषण
Answer:
'लिखावट' शब्द 'लिख' मूल शब्द में 'आवट' प्रत्यय जोड़कर बना है।
Quick Tip:
प्रमुख हिंदी प्रत्यय: आवट (लिखावट), आहट (चिल्लाहट), पन (बचपन), ता (सुंदरता), वाला (दूधवाला)।
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी रचना 'मुंशी प्रेमचंद' की है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि दिए गए विकल्पों में से कौन सी रचना मुंशी प्रेमचंद की है।
Step 1: प्रत्येक रचना के लेखक
Step 2: सही उत्तर
'गोदान' मुंशी प्रेमचंद का सर्वश्रेष्ठ उपन्यास माना जाता है, जिसमें किसान जीवन का यथार्थ चित्रण है।
Answer:
'गोदान' मुंशी प्रेमचंद की प्रसिद्ध रचना है।
Quick Tip:
प्रेमचंद की अन्य प्रमुख रचनाएँ: निर्मला, सेवासदन, रंगभूमि, कर्मभूमि, गबन।
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा शब्द 'स्त्रीलिंग' है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि दिए गए शब्दों में से कौन सा स्त्रीलिंग है।
Step 1: लिंग-निर्धारण
Step 2: सही उत्तर
'नदी' स्त्रीलिंग संज्ञा है।
Answer:
'नदी' स्त्रीलिंग शब्द है।
Quick Tip:
प्रकृति में बहने वाली नदियाँ स्त्रीलिंग होती हैं — गंगा, यमुना, नदी। पर्वत और सागर पुल्लिंग होते हैं।
हिंदी की किस बोली को 'ब्रजभाषा' भी कहा जाता है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि हिंदी की किस बोली को 'ब्रजभाषा' कहा जाता है।
Step 1: ब्रजभाषा का परिचय
ब्रजभाषा मथुरा, वृंदावन और आगरा के आसपास के क्षेत्र में बोली जाती है। यह मध्यकालीन हिंदी साहित्य की प्रमुख काव्य-भाषा रही है।
Step 2: अन्य विकल्पों की जाँच
Answer:
हिंदी की 'ब्रज' बोली को ब्रजभाषा कहते हैं।
Quick Tip:
सूरदास, मीराबाई और रसखान ने ब्रजभाषा में काव्य-रचना की।
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा वाक्य 'भविष्यत् काल' में है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि कौन सा वाक्य भविष्यत् काल (Future Tense) में है।
Step 1: काल-पहचान के नियम
Step 2: विकल्पों का विश्लेषण
Answer:
'वह खाना खाएगा' भविष्यत् काल में है।
Quick Tip:
भविष्यत् काल की पहचान: क्रिया के अंत में 'गा/गे/गी' अवश्य होता है।
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा अलंकार 'उपमा अलंकार' का उदाहरण है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि दिए गए विकल्पों में से कौन सा उपमा अलंकार का सही उदाहरण है।
Step 1: उपमा अलंकार की परिभाषा
उपमा अलंकार में किसी वस्तु या व्यक्ति की तुलना किसी दूसरी प्रसिद्ध वस्तु से की जाती है। इसके चार अंग होते हैं — उपमेय, उपमान, साधारण धर्म और वाचक शब्द (जैसे, समान, सा, सी, से, सरिस)।
Step 2: विकल्पों का विश्लेषण
Answer:
'मुख चंद्रमा के समान सुंदर है' उपमा अलंकार का सर्वश्रेष्ठ उदाहरण है।
Quick Tip:
उपमा के वाचक शब्द: जैसे, सा, सी, से, समान, सरिस, ज्यों, तुल्य।
निम्नलिखित में से किस शब्द में 'णत्व विधान' का उचित प्रयोग है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि किस शब्द में 'ण' (णत्व विधान) का नियमानुसार प्रयोग हुआ है।
Step 1: णत्व विधान का नियम
संस्कृत में ऋ, र, ष के बाद यदि 'न' आए और बीच में कोई व्यंजन (क वर्ग, प वर्ग, य, व, ह, अनुस्वार आदि) हो तो 'न' के स्थान पर 'ण' हो जाता है।
Step 2: विकल्पों का विश्लेषण
Answer:
'प्रणाम' में णत्व विधान का उचित प्रयोग हुआ है।
Quick Tip:
णत्व के प्रमुख उदाहरण: प्रण, रण, प्रणाम, प्राण, कारण, भ्रमण।
निम्नलिखित में से किस विकल्प में 'विसर्ग संधि' का उदाहरण है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि किस शब्द में विसर्ग संधि का प्रयोग हुआ है।
Step 1: विसर्ग संधि की परिभाषा
विसर्ग संधि में विसर्ग (:) का किसी स्वर या व्यंजन के साथ मेल होने पर परिवर्तन होता है।
Step 2: विकल्पों का विश्लेषण
Step 3: सर्वश्रेष्ठ उत्तर
विकल्पों में 'मनोरथ' (मनः + रथ) स्पष्ट रूप से विसर्ग संधि का उदाहरण है।
Answer:
'मनोरथ' में विसर्ग संधि है — मनः + रथ = मनोरथ।
Quick Tip:
विसर्ग संधि के प्रमुख उदाहरण: मनोबल, यशोदा, तपोवन, अधःपतन, दुर्जन।
निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी रस की 'स्थायी भावना' सही रूप से युग्मित है?
Understanding:
हमें पहचानना है कि कौन सा रस और उसकी स्थायी भावना का युग्म सही है।
Step 1: रस और उनकी स्थायी भावनाएँ
Step 2: विकल्पों की जाँच
Answer:
श्रृंगार रस का स्थायी भाव 'रति' है — यह युग्म सही है।
Quick Tip:
नौ रसों के स्थायी भाव याद करें: रति, हास, शोक, क्रोध, उत्साह, भय, जुगुप्सा, विस्मय, निर्वेद।
Bihar was carved out of which state to become a separate state on March 22, 1912?
Understanding:
We need to identify the administrative unit from which Bihar was separated to become a distinct province in 1912.
Step 1: Historical Background
Bihar was part of the Bengal Presidency during British rule. The vast and administratively complex Bengal Presidency was reorganised multiple times.
Step 2: Separation of Bihar
On March 22, 1912, Bihar and Orissa were separated from the Bengal Presidency and formed into a new province called 'Bihar and Orissa.' This date is now celebrated as Bihar Diwas (Bihar Day).
Step 3: Further Division
In 1936, Bihar and Orissa were further divided into two separate provinces — Bihar and Orissa.
Answer:
Bihar was carved out of the Bengal Presidency on March 22, 1912.
Quick Tip:
March 22 is celebrated as Bihar Diwas every year — a date frequently asked in BPSC exams.
The famous Vikramshila University, a great centre of Buddhist learning, was located in which present-day district of Bihar?
Understanding:
We need to identify the present-day district of Bihar where the ancient Vikramshila University was situated.
Step 1: About Vikramshila University
Vikramshila was one of the two most important centres of Buddhist learning in India during the Pala Empire, the other being Nalanda. It was established by the Pala king Dharmapala in the late 8th or early 9th century CE.
Step 2: Location
Vikramshila University was located at Antichak village, which falls in the present-day Bhagalpur district of Bihar, near the Ganga river.
Step 3: Distinguishing from Nalanda
Nalanda University (another famous Buddhist institution) is in Nalanda district — a common source of confusion. Vikramshila is specifically in Bhagalpur district.
Answer:
Vikramshila University was located in the present-day Bhagalpur district of Bihar.
Quick Tip:
Remember: Nalanda → Nalanda district; Vikramshila → Bhagalpur district. Both are Pala-era institutions.
Who was the first Chief Minister of Bihar after Indian independence?
Understanding:
We need to identify the first Chief Minister of Bihar after India's independence in 1947.
Step 1: Pre-independence Context
Before independence, Bihar had a Premier under the Government of India Act, 1935. Sri Krishna Sinha (popularly known as 'Sri Babu') served as the Premier of Bihar from 1937.
Step 2: Post-independence
When India became independent on August 15, 1947, Sri Krishna Sinha continued in office as Bihar's Chief Minister, becoming the first Chief Minister of independent Bihar. He held this position until his death in 1961.
Step 3: Eliminating Others
Binodanand Jha became Chief Minister in 1961 after Sri Krishna Sinha. Mahamaya Prasad Sinha and Jagannath Mishra served in later years.
Answer:
Sri Krishna Sinha was the first Chief Minister of Bihar after Indian independence.
Quick Tip:
Sri Krishna Sinha was also the longest-serving Chief Minister of Bihar (1937–1961, with a brief break). He is revered as 'Bihar Vibhuti.'
The Sonepur Cattle Fair (Sonepur Mela) in Bihar is held at the confluence of which two rivers?
Understanding:
We need to identify the two rivers at whose confluence the famous Sonepur Cattle Fair is held.
Step 1: About Sonepur Mela
Sonepur Mela (also called Harihar Kshetra Mela) is one of Asia's largest cattle fairs, held annually in November–December around the Kartik Purnima festival.
Step 2: Location
The fair takes place at Sonepur town in Saran district of Bihar, which is situated at the confluence of the Ganga and Gandak rivers.
Step 3: Eliminating Other Options
The Sone river meets the Ganga further south near Arrah/Patna, not at Sonepur. Kosi meets Ganga near Kursela in Katihar district.
Answer:
Sonepur Mela is held at the confluence of the Ganga and Gandak rivers.
Quick Tip:
Sonepur is in Saran district; the name 'Sonepur' may mislead students to think it relates to the Sone river — it does not.
Which Bihari revolutionary leader, known as 'Bihar Kesari,' led the non-cooperation movement extensively in Bihar and later became the Governor of Orissa?
Understanding:
We need to identify the Bihar leader called 'Bihar Kesari' who was active in the non-cooperation movement and later became the Governor of Orissa.
Step 1: Identifying 'Bihar Kesari'
The title 'Bihar Kesari' (Lion of Bihar) is associated with Sri Krishna Sinha. He was a prominent freedom fighter who actively participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, and Quit India Movement.
Step 2: Governor of Orissa
Sri Krishna Sinha served as the Premier/Chief Minister of Bihar continuously from 1937 (with short interruptions) until 1961. He did not serve as Governor of Orissa — this part of the question tests careful reading. However, 'Bihar Kesari' as a title is uniquely Sri Krishna Sinha's.
Step 3: Verification of Title
Rajendra Prasad is 'Desh Ratna.' Jayaprakash Narayan is 'Loknayak.' Anugrah Narayan Sinha is known as 'Bihar Vibhuti.' 'Bihar Kesari' = Sri Krishna Sinha.
Answer:
Sri Krishna Sinha holds the title 'Bihar Kesari' and was the most prominent Bihar leader of the freedom movement era.
Quick Tip:
Memorize Bihar's honorific titles: Bihar Kesari → Sri Krishna Sinha; Bihar Vibhuti → Anugrah Narayan Sinha; Loknayak → Jayaprakash Narayan.
The Barabar Caves, the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India, are located in which district of Bihar?
Understanding:
We need to identify the district in Bihar where the ancient Barabar Caves are located.
Step 1: About Barabar Caves
The Barabar Caves are a group of four caves carved during the Mauryan Empire, primarily during the reign of Emperor Ashoka (3rd century BCE). They are the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India and were used by the Ajivika sect.
Step 2: Location
The Barabar Caves are situated in the Barabar Hills, about 24 km north of Gaya city, in the Gaya district of Bihar.
Step 3: Literary Connection
The caves were famously fictionalised as the 'Marabar Caves' in E.M. Forster's novel 'A Passage to India.'
Answer:
The Barabar Caves are located in the Gaya district of Bihar.
Quick Tip:
Barabar Caves are often confused with Nalanda (Buddhist university district). Remember: Barabar = Gaya district; they pre-date Nalanda by several centuries.
Patna, the capital of Bihar, was known by which name during the Mauryan Empire?
Understanding:
We need to identify the ancient name of Patna during the Mauryan period.
Step 1: Ancient History of Patna
Patna, the present capital of Bihar, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It was founded by the Haryanka dynasty king Ajatashatru in the 5th century BCE as Pataliputra (also spelled Palibothra by the Greeks).
Step 2: Mauryan Capital
Pataliputra served as the capital of the Mauryan Empire under emperors like Chandragupta Maurya, Bindusara, and Ashoka. It was one of the largest cities in the ancient world.
Step 3: Eliminating Others
Rajgriha (modern Rajgir) was the earlier Magadha capital before Pataliputra. Vaishali was the capital of the Licchavi republic. Champa was the capital of Anga Mahajanapada.
Answer:
Patna was known as Pataliputra during the Mauryan Empire.
Quick Tip:
The sequence of Magadha capitals: Rajgriha → Pataliputra. Pataliputra = modern Patna.
The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917, the first civil disobedience movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in India, was primarily against which oppressive system?
Understanding:
We need to identify the specific oppressive system against which the Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was directed.
Step 1: Background of Champaran Satyagraha
The Champaran Satyagraha was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1917 in Champaran district (now in Bihar) at the request of Rajkumar Shukla, a local peasant leader.
Step 2: The Tinkathia System
The struggle was against the Tinkathia system, under which British indigo planters forced Indian peasants to cultivate indigo on at least 203th (teen kathha) of their land holding. Peasants were compelled to sell the indigo to the planters at prices fixed by the planters, causing widespread distress.
Step 3: Outcome
Gandhi's investigation led to the Champaran Agrarian Act of 1918, which abolished the Tinkathia system. This was Gandhi's first major civil disobedience in India.
Answer:
The Champaran Satyagraha was against the Tinkathia system of forced indigo cultivation.
Quick Tip:
'Tinkathia' means three kathas — peasants had to grow indigo on 3 out of every 20 kathas of land. This keyword is frequently tested in BPSC.
Which of the following national parks is located in Bihar?
Understanding:
We need to identify which of the given national parks is located within the state of Bihar.
Step 1: Valmiki National Park
Valmiki National Park is the only national park in Bihar. It is located in the West Champaran district of Bihar, bordering Nepal. It is part of the Valmiki Tiger Reserve and is named after the sage Valmiki, who is believed to have written the Ramayana in this region.
Step 2: Eliminating Other Options
Step 3: Key Facts
Valmiki National Park covers an area of about 335.65 sq. km and is part of the larger Valmiki Tiger Reserve spanning about 899 sq. km.
Answer:
Valmiki National Park in West Champaran district is the only national park in Bihar.
Quick Tip:
Bihar has only ONE national park — Valmiki National Park. This is a frequently tested fact in BPSC prelims.
The ancient city of Vaishali, considered the world's first republic, was the capital of which Mahajanapada?
Understanding:
We need to identify the Mahajanapada (ancient Indian republic) whose capital was the city of Vaishali.
Step 1: About Vaishali
Vaishali (in modern-day Vaishali district of Bihar) is considered one of the world's earliest examples of a republic-style governance. It was governed by the Licchavi clan as part of a confederacy.
Step 2: The Vajji Confederacy
Vaishali was the capital of the Vajji Mahajanapada, which was a confederacy (sangha) of several clans, the most prominent being the Licchavi. The Vajji confederacy had a republican system of governance with an elected assembly.
Step 3: Historical Significance
Vaishali is also the birthplace of Mahavira (founder of Jainism) and was frequently visited by Gautama Buddha. Both Jain and Buddhist traditions hold it in high regard.
Answer:
Vaishali was the capital of the Vajji Mahajanapada.
Quick Tip:
Vajji = Vaishali = world's first republic = Licchavi clan. Magadha's capital was Rajgriha, then Pataliputra.
Which folk art form of Bihar, depicting scenes from mythology and nature using vibrant natural colours on walls and floors, received the Geographical Indication (GI) tag?
Understanding:
We need to identify the folk art form of Bihar that has been awarded a Geographical Indication (GI) tag.
Step 1: Madhubani Painting
Madhubani painting (also called Mithila painting) is a traditional art form originating from the Mithila region of Bihar (primarily Madhubani district). It uses vibrant natural colours derived from plants and minerals, depicting scenes from mythology, nature, and daily life.
Step 2: GI Tag
Madhubani painting received the Geographical Indication (GI) tag in 2007, acknowledging its unique origin from the Mithila/Madhubani region of Bihar.
Step 3: Eliminating Others
Answer:
Madhubani painting is the Bihar folk art that received the GI tag.
Quick Tip:
Madhubani = Mithila region = Bihar. GI tag received in 2007. It is characterised by intricate patterns and natural pigments.