In enzyme catalysis, the Michaelis constant (Km) represents:
Answer: B
Km is a characteristic constant for an enzyme-substrate pair, representing substrate concentration when v = Vmax/2
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Q.426Easy
For a reaction with rate law Rate = k[A]⁰[B]¹, if [B] is increased 4 times while [A] remains constant, the rate increases by:
Answer: B
Since the reaction is first-order in B and zero-order in A, Rate ∝ [B]. Increasing [B] by 4 times increases Rate by 4 times
Q.427Hard
In the reaction mechanism: (1) A + B ⇌ AB (fast), (2) AB + C → ABC (slow), the order predicted from this mechanism is:
Answer: C
Rate = k₂[AB][C]. From fast equilibrium: [AB] = K₁[A][B]. So Rate = k₂K₁[A][B][C], making it third-order overall
Q.428Medium
The temperature coefficient (Q₁₀) for a reaction is 2.5. If the rate at 300 K is r, then the rate at 320 K is approximately:
Answer: B
Q₁₀ = rate at (T+10)/rate at T. For 300K to 320K (two 10K intervals), rate = r × 2.5² = 6.25r
Q.429Easy
For the reaction A → B, experimental data shows: [A] vs time is a straight line. This indicates:
Answer: B
A straight line in [A] vs time plot indicates [A] = [A]₀ - kt, which is the integrated rate law for zero-order reactions
Q.430Hard
In the complex reaction: A + B → I (fast equilibrium), I + B → C (slow), the rate law derived from this mechanism is:
Answer: B
Rate = k₂[I][B]. From equilibrium: [I] = K₁[A][B]. Therefore: Rate = k₂K₁[A][B]², which is second-order in B
Q.431Medium
The pre-exponential factor (A) in the Arrhenius equation is related to:
Answer: C
The pre-exponential factor accounts for collision frequency, proper orientation (steric factor), and the Maxwell-Boltzmann energy distribution of molecules
Q.432Easy
For an elementary reaction: A + A + B → Products, the rate law is:
Answer: B
For elementary reactions, the rate law is determined by the stoichiometry: Rate = k[A]²[B], as 2 A molecules and 1 B molecule participate
Q.433Easy
For the reaction 2NO + O₂ → 2NO₂, the rate law is Rate = k[NO]²[O₂]. What is the overall order of reaction?
Answer: C
Overall order = sum of exponents in rate law = 2 + 1 = 3 (third order)
Q.434Easy
Half-life of a first-order reaction is 30 minutes. What fraction of reactant remains after 90 minutes?
Answer: C
After 90 min = 3 half-lives, remaining = (21)³ = 81
Q.435Medium
The rate constant of a reaction increases from 4 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹ to 8 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹ when temperature increases from 300K to 310K. Calculate activation energy (R = 8.314 J/mol·K)