Entrance Exams
Govt. Exams
Epinephrine (adrenaline) is released by the adrenal medulla during stress and increases blood glucose by promoting glycogenolysis and inhibiting insulin secretion.
Diaphragm contraction flattens it and moves downward, increasing thoracic cavity volume and decreasing intra-pulmonary pressure.
The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and maintains body balance through proprioceptive feedback.
A complete cardiac cycle takes approximately 0.8 seconds at a heart rate of 72 beats per minute.
Pepsin is a protease secreted by gastric glands that begins protein digestion in the acidic environment of the stomach.
Glucagon, secreted by alpha cells of pancreatic islets, increases blood glucose through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
The glomerulus is a network of capillaries where ultrafiltration occurs, filtering small molecules like glucose, ions, and urea from blood into Bowman's capsule.
The combination of eight legs, chitinous exoskeleton, and book lungs is diagnostic of Class Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, ticks).
Cnidocytes contain nematocysts that discharge and inject toxins, allowing cnidarians to capture and immobilize prey organisms.
The combination of exoskeleton, jointed appendages, and open circulatory system is diagnostic of Arthropoda.