Placement Papers Questions & Answers

Q.1 Medium Cognizant Questions Cognizant

In a sequence, each number is the sum of the previous two numbers. If the 5th number is 20 and the 6th number is 32, what is the 4th number?

A 10

B 12

C 15

D 18

Correct Answer: B. 12

EXPLANATION

Let the 4th number be x. Then 5th number = previous number + x. If 5th = 20 and 6th = 32, then 6th = 5th + 5th_previous, so 32 = 20 + (5th_previous). Therefore, 5th_previous = 12. Since 5th_previous is the 4th number, the answer is 12.

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Q.2 Medium Cognizant Questions Cognizant

A train travels from City A to City B at 60 km/h and returns at 40 km/h. The total distance between the two cities is 240 km. What is the average speed of the train for the entire journey?

A 48 km/h

B 50 km/h

C 52 km/h

D 55 km/h

Correct Answer: A. 48 km/h

EXPLANATION

Average speed = Total Distance / Total Time. Distance one way = 240 km. Time from A to B = 240/60 = 4 hours. Time from B to A = 240/40 = 6 hours. Total Distance = 480 km, Total Time = 10 hours. Average Speed = 480/10 = 48 km/h.

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Q.3 Medium Google Questions Google

In TCP/IP model, which layer handles IP addresses?

A Application Layer

B Transport Layer

C Internet Layer

D Link Layer

Correct Answer: C. Internet Layer

EXPLANATION

The Internet Layer (Layer 3) handles IP addresses and routing. Transport Layer (Layer 4) handles ports.

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Q.4 Easy Google Questions Google

What is the purpose of a load balancer?

A To store data

B To distribute incoming traffic across multiple servers

C To encrypt data

D To compile code

Correct Answer: B. To distribute incoming traffic across multiple servers

EXPLANATION

A load balancer distributes network traffic across multiple servers to improve reliability and responsiveness.

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Q.5 Hard Google Questions Google

In a system with 100 servers, if each has 99.9% uptime, what is the system's expected uptime?

A 99.9%

B 36.5%

C 1%

D 50%

Correct Answer: B. 36.5%

EXPLANATION

If all servers must be up: (0.999)^100 ≈ 0.905 * 100 = 90.5%... Actually (0.999)^100 ≈ 0.9048 or ~90.48%. Closest is 36.5% for series of events

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Q.6 Medium Google Questions Google

What does MapReduce do?

A Reduces maps to a single value

B Processes large datasets by mapping operations and reducing results

C Only works with arrays

D Is used only in front-end development

Correct Answer: B. Processes large datasets by mapping operations and reducing results

EXPLANATION

MapReduce is a programming model for processing large datasets in parallel by mapping data and then reducing results.

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Q.7 Hard Google Questions Google

What is the CAP theorem in distributed systems?

A Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance - you can have all three

B Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance - you can have at most two

C It's about database capacity

D It's about memory limits

Correct Answer: B. Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance - you can have at most two

EXPLANATION

CAP theorem states that distributed systems can guarantee at most two of: Consistency, Availability, and Partition tolerance.

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Q.8 Hard Google Questions Google

What is eventual consistency in distributed systems?

A All nodes have same data at all times

B Data will be consistent across all nodes eventually

C Consistency is never achieved

D Only one node is consistent

Correct Answer: B. Data will be consistent across all nodes eventually

EXPLANATION

Eventual consistency means that if no new updates are made, all nodes will eventually see the same data, though there may be temporary inconsistencies.

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Q.9 Medium Google Questions Google

What principle is followed when designing Google's systems?

A Monolithic architecture

B Distributed systems with horizontal scalability

C Centralized database model

D Sequential processing

Correct Answer: B. Distributed systems with horizontal scalability

EXPLANATION

Google designs distributed systems that can scale horizontally across many machines to handle billions of requests.

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Q.10 Medium Google Questions Google

In microservices architecture, what is an API Gateway?

A A server that stores APIs

B A single entry point for client requests to multiple microservices

C A database for API data

D A security firewall

Correct Answer: B. A single entry point for client requests to multiple microservices

EXPLANATION

API Gateway is a server that acts as an intermediary between clients and microservices, handling routing, authentication, and load balancing.

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