Govt Exams
In KMnO₄, K is +1, O is -2, so Mn is +7. This makes permanganate a strong oxidizing agent.
PCl₃ has trigonal pyramidal geometry with one lone pair on phosphorus. Bond angle is approximately 107° due to lone pair repulsion.
SF₆ has 6 bonding pairs around sulfur with no lone pairs, requiring sp³d² hybridization for octahedral geometry.
Copper has atomic number 29 with configuration [Ar]3d¹⁰4s¹. It exhibits anomalous behavior by having a completely filled d-orbital.
Cu²⁺ is surrounded by 4 water molecules in the coordination sphere and 2 more from the sulfate ion or additional water molecules, giving octahedral geometry with coordination number 6.
Noble gases have VERY HIGH ionization energies (not low) due to their stable electron configuration. All other options are correct properties of noble gases.
N₂O₄ is colorless gas, not blue. NO is colorless, NO₂ is brown/reddish-brown, and N₂O is indeed called laughing gas.
Fluorine has the highest electronegativity value (4.0 on Pauling scale) among all elements due to its small size and high nuclear charge.
Al₂O₃ is amphoteric, reacting with both strong acids (forming AlCl₃) and strong bases (forming aluminate ions). Na₂O is basic, SiO₂ is acidic, and P₂O₅ is acidic.
Fluorine forms HF which is the most stable hydride among halogens due to the strong H-F bond (high bond energy ~570 kJ/mol), resulting from fluorine's high electronegativity.