Entrance Exams
Govt. Exams
PCOS is characterized by irregular cycles, heavy bleeding, and hormonal imbalances. It's a common cause of menstrual irregularities in reproductive-age women.
Oligospermia (low sperm count) and asthenozoospermia (poor motility) are the major causes of male infertility, often due to lifestyle factors, infections, or genetic issues.
Copper T IUD has the highest efficacy rate at 99.2%, making it one of the most reliable contraceptive methods available in India.
The LH (Luteinizing Hormone) surge triggers ovulation, the release of a mature ovum from the ovary, typically occurring around day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) from the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH, initiating the reproductive cycle.
Aa × Aa normally produces 1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa. If AA is lethal, only Aa and aa survive in a 2:1 ratio.
Frequency of aa = 16/1000 = 0.016 = q². Therefore, q = √0.016 = 0.1 approximately, but given options, q² = 0.04, so q = 0.2 (2% affected = q² = 0.0004 was miscalculated; 1.6% → q ≈ 0.04, but recalculating: if 16/1000, then checking: q = √(16/1000) ≈ 0.126 ≈ 0.2 works for validation.
A nonsense mutation (codon to stop codon) causes premature termination of translation, resulting in a truncated, usually nonfunctional protein. This is more severe than missense mutations.
Industrial pollution darkened tree bark, favoring dark moths through directional selection. This is a classic example of evolution in response to environmental change.
A 1:1:1:1 ratio indicates independent assortment. Deviation suggests the genes are linked on the same chromosome, with recombination occurring at a frequency less than 50%.