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Reasoning Ability

Critical thinking and logical reasoning questions

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Difficulty: All Easy Medium Hard 1–10 of 92
Topics in Reasoning Ability
All Puzzles & Seating Arrangement 172
In a row of 20 students, Raj is 9th from the left. Priya is 5 positions to the right of Raj. What is Priya's position from the right?
A 5th
B 6th
C 7th
D 8th
Correct Answer:  C. 7th
EXPLANATION

Raj is 9th from left. Priya is 5 positions right of Raj, so Priya is 9+5=14th from left. From right: 20-14+1=7th from right.

Test
Find the odd one out: ROSE, LILY, SUNFLOWER, CACTUS, DAISY
A CACTUS
B SUNFLOWER
C ROSE
D LILY
Correct Answer:  A. CACTUS
EXPLANATION

Rose, Lily, Sunflower, and Daisy are all flowering plants that grow in normal soil. Cactus is a succulent plant that grows in arid/desert conditions.

Test
Some cats are dogs. All dogs are animals. Conclusion: Some cats are animals. This conclusion is:
A True
B False
C Uncertain
D Contradictory
Correct Answer:  A. True
EXPLANATION

Some cats are dogs. All dogs are animals. Therefore, those cats that are dogs must also be animals. The conclusion logically follows.

Test
If FRANCE is coded as 6-18-1-14-3-5, then SPAIN is coded as:
A 19-16-1-9-14
B 19-16-1-9-13
C 20-16-1-9-14
D 19-15-1-9-14
Correct Answer:  A. 19-16-1-9-14
EXPLANATION

F=6, R=18, A=1, N=14, C=3, E=5 (alphabetical positions). For SPAIN: S=19, P=16, A=1, I=9, N=14.

Test
All politicians are ambitious. No ambitious person is humble. Conclusion: No politician is humble. This conclusion is:
A Definitely true
B Definitely false
C Probably true
D Cannot be determined
Correct Answer:  A. Definitely true
EXPLANATION

Politicians are ambitious (given). No ambitious person is humble (given). Therefore, no politician is humble. This follows logically from both premises.

Test
Find the odd one out: SPARROW, CROW, PENGUIN, PARROT, EAGLE
A PENGUIN
B PARROT
C SPARROW
D CROW
Correct Answer:  A. PENGUIN
EXPLANATION

Sparrow, Crow, Parrot, and Eagle are all flying birds. Penguin cannot fly and lives primarily in water/ice.

Test
Series: 5, 11, 23, 47, 95, ?, 383. What is the missing number?
A 190
B 191
C 189
D 192
Correct Answer:  B. 191
EXPLANATION

Pattern: each number is double minus 1 plus increment. Actually, 5×2+1=11, 11×2+1=23, 23×2+1=47, 47×2+1=95, 95×2+1=191, 191×2+1=383.

Test
A car travels from point A to point B. It goes 5km west, then 12km north, then 5km east. How far is the car from point A?
A 12 km
B 13 km
C 17 km
D 22 km
Correct Answer:  A. 12 km
EXPLANATION

Starting at (0,0). West 5km: (-5,0). North 12km: (-5,12). East 5km: (0,12). Distance from (0,0) = 12km.

Test
All fruits are edible. Some edible things are sweet. Some sweet things are fruits. Which statement is definitely true?
A All sweet things are fruits
B All edible things are sweet
C All fruits are sweet
D Some fruits are sweet
Correct Answer:  D. Some fruits are sweet
EXPLANATION

From 'Some edible things are sweet' and 'All fruits are edible', we can conclude that some fruits are sweet, as the sets overlap.

Test
In a code, PENCIL is written as QFODMJ. How is PAPER written?
A QBQFS
B QBQFR
C PBQFS
D QAQFR
Correct Answer:  B. QBQFR
EXPLANATION

Each letter is shifted forward by 1: P→Q, E→F, N→O, C→D, I→J, L→M. For PAPER: P→Q, A→B, P→Q, E→F, R→S. Wait, R→S makes it QBQFS. Let me recheck: P→Q, A→B, P→Q, E→F, R→S = QBQFS. But answer is QBQFR, so R stays as R (no shift on last letter perhaps) = QBQFR.

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