Govt Exams
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Topics in Quantitative Aptitude
If a vendor sells bananas at a loss of 15% and the cost price is ₹500 per kg, at what price does he sell per kg?
Correct Answer:
B. ₹425
EXPLANATION
Step 1: Loss = 15% of CP = 15% of 500 = ₹75.
Step 2: Selling Price = CP - Loss = 500 - 75 = ₹425 per kg.
So option B is correct.
A merchant buys a shirt for ₹240 and sells it for ₹312. What is the profit percentage?
Correct Answer:
B. 30%
EXPLANATION
Step 1: Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price = 312 - 240 = ₹72.
Step 2: Profit% = (Profit/CP) × 100 = (72/240) × 100 = 30%.
So option B is correct.
A factory reduces its production by 18% due to lockdown. If the original production was 5,000 units per day, how many units are produced now?
Correct Answer:
C. 4,100 units
EXPLANATION
Step 1: Reduction in production = 18% of 5,000 = 0.18 × 5,000 = 900 units.
Step 2: Current production = 5,000 - 900 = 4,100 units per day.
Therefore, option C is correct.
A book's price increases by 12% one month and decreases by 10% the next month. If the original price was ₹500, what is the final price?
Correct Answer:
B. ₹504
EXPLANATION
Step 1: After 12% increase: Price = 500 × (1 + 0.12) = 500 × 1.12 = ₹560.
Step 2: After 10% decrease: Price = 560 × (1 - 0.10) = 560 × 0.90 = ₹504.
Therefore, option B is correct.
The cost price of an item is ₹400. After giving a discount of 15%, the profit earned is 25%. What was the marked price?
Correct Answer:
A. ₹588.24
EXPLANATION
Step 1: Profit = 25% of ₹400 = 0.25 × 400 = ₹100.
Step 2: Selling Price = Cost Price + Profit = 400 + 100 = ₹500.
Step 3: Let Marked Price = M.
After 15% discount: M × (1 - 0.15) = 500, so M × 0.85 = 500, M = 500/0.85 = ₹588.24 (approximately).
Therefore, option A is correct.
A man spends 35% of his salary on rent and 20% on food. If his salary is ₹45,000, how much does he spend on rent and food combined?
Correct Answer:
A. ₹24,750
EXPLANATION
Step 1: Percentage spent on rent and food = 35% + 20% = 55%.
Step 2: Amount spent = 55% of ₹45,000 = 0.55 × 45,000 = ₹24,750.
Therefore, option A is correct.
A mobile phone is marked at ₹15,000. A customer gets successive discounts of 10% and 5%. What is the final price?
Correct Answer:
A. ₹12,675
EXPLANATION
Step 1: After first discount of 10%: Price = 15,000 × (1 - 0.10) = 15,000 × 0.90 = ₹13,500.
Step 2: After second discount of 5%: Price = 13,500 × (1 - 0.05) = 13,500 × 0.95 = ₹12,825.
Wait, recalculating: Step 2 correction = 13,500 × 0.95 = 12,825.
Rechecking calculation: 15,000 × 0.90 × 0.95 = 15,000 × 0.855 = ₹12,825.
Let me verify option A: 12,675 = 15,000 × 0.845.
Correct calculation: 15,000 × 0.90 = 13,500; 13,500 × 0.95 = 12,825.
The answer should be ₹12,825 which is option C.
The population of a town was 50,000 last year. If it increased by 8% this year, what is the current population?
Correct Answer:
B. 54,000
EXPLANATION
Step 1: Population increase = 8% of 50,000 = 0.08 × 50,000 = 4,000.
Step 2: Current population = 50,000 + 4,000 = 54,000.
Therefore, option B is correct.
A shopkeeper buys an item for ₹250 and wants to earn a profit of 20%. At what price should the item be sold?
Correct Answer:
B. ₹300
EXPLANATION
Step 1: Profit = 20% of ₹250 = 0.20 × 250 = ₹50.
Step 2: Selling Price = Cost Price + Profit = 250 + 50 = ₹300.
Therefore, option B is correct.
A student scored 72 marks out of 120 in an exam. What is the percentage of marks obtained?
Correct Answer:
B. 60%
EXPLANATION
Step 1: Percentage = (Marks obtained/Total marks) × 100 = (72/120) × 100.
Step 2: = 0.6 × 100 = 60%.
Therefore, option B is correct.