Entrance Exams
Govt. Exams
Fungi are primary decomposers that break down dead organic matter. Earthworms are detritivores, not true decomposers.
In a forest, one large tree (producer) supports many insects and parasites, creating an inverted pyramid of numbers.
Disease transmission increases with population density, making it a density-dependent factor. Natural disasters are density-independent.
Transpiration is the release of water vapor by plants through stomata in leaves. Evaporation refers to water bodies.
CO₂ is the major anthropogenic greenhouse gas, comprising about 76% of total greenhouse gas emissions, contributing significantly to global warming.
Carrying capacity (K) is the maximum population size an environment can support with available resources without degradation.
Primary succession occurs on bare, newly exposed surfaces with no pre-existing soil or organisms, such as volcanic islands.
The 10% law states that only about 10% of energy is transferred to the next trophic level; the remaining 90% is lost as heat and used in metabolism.
Solar radiation captured by photosynthetic organisms is the primary energy source for almost all ecosystems on Earth.
Decomposers are living organisms that break down dead matter, making them biotic components. Soil, water, and temperature are abiotic components.