Entrance Exams
Govt. Exams
hCG is secreted by the trophoblast cells of the blastocyst and maintains the corpus luteum, preventing its degeneration and ensuring continued progesterone production during early pregnancy.
Misoprostol, a prostaglandin analog, causes sustained uterine contractions that expel pregnancy tissues. It is typically used after mifepristone (progesterone antagonist) in medical abortion protocols.
Oocytes arrest in prophase I during fetal development and remain in this arrested state (dictyotene). First meiotic division completes just before ovulation, producing secondary oocyte and polar body.
Primary syphilis presents with painless, indurated ulcers (chancre) with a clean base and raised borders. HSV causes painful vesicles; LGV causes small painless pustules.
Breakthrough bleeding typically results from insufficient progestin to stabilize endometrium. Management includes switching to a pill with higher progestin content.
Trisomy 16 is the most common chromosomal abnormality in first-trimester miscarriages (accounts for ~15% of chromosomal losses) but is incompatible with life beyond early pregnancy.
The follicular phase (days 5-14) is marked by rising estrogen from developing follicles, causing endometrial proliferation and preparation for ovulation.
Low testosterone with erectile dysfunction requires assessment of LH and FSH. If LH/FSH are low, it indicates secondary hypogonadism (pituitary/hypothalamic origin).
As per WHO and Indian guidelines, women with normal Pap smear results should be screened every 3 years. Annual screening is reserved for high-risk cases.
PCOS typically presents with elevated LH:FSH ratio (>2:1 or 3:1), hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and anovulation, not regular cycles.