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The Arthashastra, written by Chanakya (also known as Kautilya), provides detailed information about the administration, economy, and military organization of the Mauryan Empire centered in Bihar.
Bihar occupies approximately 2.5% of India's total geographical area, with an area of about 94,163 square kilometers, making it one of the smaller states in terms of area.
Sikandar Shahi coins belong to the Delhi Sultanate period, specifically from the reign of Sikandar Lodi. These coins have been discovered in Bihar and indicate the extent of sultanate control over the region.
James Grant conducted the first systematic census and survey of Bihar during British rule, contributing significantly to the administrative organization of the region.
The Overland Silk Route passed through Bihar, connecting India with Central Asia and China. Pataliputra served as an important trading center on this route during the Mauryan and Gupta periods.
Bhagalpur is famous for its silk weaving industry and is known as the 'Land of Weavers.' The region has a long tradition of silk fabric production, particularly the 'Bhagalpur Silk' which is renowned nationally and internationally.
Aryabhata (476-550 CE), born in Pataliputra, Bihar, was a renowned mathematician and astronomer who made groundbreaking contributions to trigonometry, algebra, and accurately calculated the value of pi.
Agriculture is the primary occupation in rural Bihar, with crops like rice, wheat, maize, and sugarcane being major agricultural products. The region has fertile Gangetic plains suitable for farming.
Rohtas Fort, built by Sher Shah Suri in the 16th century in Sasaram district, served as an important military stronghold. It is one of the largest forts in India and was strategically important.
Mahavira attained Nirvana at Pawapuri (also known as Pava) in Bihar in 527 BCE. Pawapuri is an important Jain pilgrimage site.