Govt Exams
Monocots have ONE cotyledon, not two. Two cotyledons is a characteristic feature of dicots. Options A, B, and C are all typical monocot features.
Seed dormancy is controlled by the balance between inhibitory hormones (ABA) and promoting hormones (gibberellins), along with environmental factors.
The micropyle is a small opening in the integument through which the pollen tube enters the ovule to reach the embryo sac for fertilization.
Vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) was essential for water transport in terrestrial environments, enabling plants to grow upright and away from moisture sources.
The most definitive character for embryo classification is the number of cotyledons: monocots have one, dicots have two. This is evident even at the embryonic stage.
The stamen is the microsporophyll of angiosperms that bears microsporangia (pollen sacs). Carpels are megasporophylls.
Polyembryony can occur through cleavage of the proembryo, budding from integuments or nucellus, or through apomixis. This is a diverse phenomenon.
In bryophytes, the sporophyte is reduced (2n generation) and dependent on the dominant gametophyte. This reflects their primitive nature in plant evolution.
This represents a hermaphroditic flower with the potential for self-fertilization. Dichogamy prevents this by temporal separation, heterostyly by spatial separation.
Double fertilization is unique to angiosperms where one sperm nucleus fertilizes the egg (embryo) and another fertilizes the polar nuclei (endosperm), providing efficient nutrition for the developing embryo.