DOCTOR works in a HOSPITAL. TEACHER works in a SCHOOL. The relationship is profession-to-workplace.

Politicians are ambitious (given). No ambitious person is humble (given). Therefore, no politician is humble. This follows logically from both premises.

F=6, R=18, A=1, N=14, C=3, E=5 (alphabetical positions). For SPAIN: S=19, P=16, A=1, I=9, N=14.

With 8 people in circle, opposite means 4 seats apart. If P at position 1, T at position 5. Q third right of P: position 4. R second left of T: position 3. Between R(3) and Q(4) going clockwise: nobody directly, but without complete arrangement, exact answer cannot be determined uniquely.

WINTER is characterized by COLD temperature. SUMMER is characterized by HOT temperature. The relationship is season-to-temperature characteristic.

Each term is multiplied by 2: 10×2=20, 20×2=40, 40×2=80, 80×2=160, 160×2=320, 320×2=640.

A man's brother's son = the man's nephew. Therefore, the man is the uncle of his brother's son.

Some cats are dogs. All dogs are animals. Therefore, those cats that are dogs must also be animals. The conclusion logically follows.

VIOLIN is an instrument used to create MUSIC. PAINTBRUSH is an instrument used to create ART. The relationship is tool-to-output.

Rose, Lily, Sunflower, and Daisy are all flowering plants that grow in normal soil. Cactus is a succulent plant that grows in arid/desert conditions.