During stomatal opening, potassium ions (K+) actively accumulate in guard cells, increasing osmotic potential and causing water influx.
Root pressure is measured using a manometer connected to the cut end of a plant stem, showing the positive pressure generated by roots.
In C4 photosynthesis, CO2 combines with PEP (3-carbon) to form oxaloacetate (4-carbon compound) via the enzyme PEP carboxylase.
Auxin causes differential elongation of cells on the shaded side, resulting in phototropic response towards light.
Magnesium (Mg) is the central atom in the chlorophyll molecule, forming a coordinate bond with the porphyrin ring.
Plant cell sap is slightly acidic due to organic acids like malic acid and citric acid, maintaining pH between 4-6.
Chlorophyll a is the primary photosynthetic pigment that absorbs light in the blue and red regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Liver is largest gland.
Adult body has 206 bones.
O- has no antigens, universal donor.