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UPSC Civil Services

UPSC IAS/IPS MCQ questions — History, Polity, Economy, Science, General Studies.

748 Q 5 Subjects Graduate
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Difficulty: All Easy Medium Hard 51–60 of 748
Subjects in UPSC Civil Services
Q.51 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
A merchant buys items at ₹600 and sells at ₹750. What is the profit percentage?
A 20%
B 25%
C 30%
D 35%
Correct Answer:  B. 25%
EXPLANATION

Profit = 750 - 600 = 150. Profit% = (150/600) × 100 = 25%.

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Q.52 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
A company reduced its workforce by 20% in 2024. If it now has 800 employees, how many did it have before?
A 960
B 1000
C 1200
D 1600
Correct Answer:  B. 1000
EXPLANATION

80% of original = 800. Original = 800/0.8 = 1000.

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Q.53 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
A product's price was ₹1000. It increased by 15% in Q1 2024 and decreased by 10% in Q2 2024. What is the final price?
A ₹1,035
B ₹1,025
C ₹1,050
D ₹1,100
Correct Answer:  A. ₹1,035
EXPLANATION

After 15% increase: 1000 × 1.15 = 1150. After 10% decrease: 1150 × 0.9 = 1035.

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Q.54 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
If 30% of a number is 90, what is 50% of that number?
A 100
B 120
C 150
D 180
Correct Answer:  C. 150
EXPLANATION

30% of x = 90, so x = 300. 50% of 300 = 150.

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Q.55 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
In 2024, Ram's salary was ₹50,000 per month. In 2025, it increased by 12%. What is his new monthly salary?
A ₹55,600
B ₹56,000
C ₹57,200
D ₹58,000
Correct Answer:  B. ₹56,000
EXPLANATION

New salary = 50,000 × 1.12 = 56,000.

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Q.56 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
A shopkeeper marks goods 40% above cost price and offers a 25% discount. What is his profit percentage?
A 5%
B 10%
C 15%
D 20%
Correct Answer:  A. 5%
EXPLANATION

Let CP = 100. MP = 140. SP = 140 × 0.75 = 105. Profit = 5%.

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Q.57 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
If a number is increased by 25% and then decreased by 20%, what is the net percentage change?
A 5% increase
B 0% change
C 5% decrease
D 10% increase
Correct Answer:  A. 5% increase
EXPLANATION

Let number = 100. After 25% increase = 125. After 20% decrease on 125 = 125 × 0.8 = 100. Net change = 0%. Wait, recalculate: 100 → 125 → 125 × 0.8 = 100. Actually net is 0%, but let me verify: 100 × 1.25 × 0.8 = 100. Net change is 0%. Actually the answer should be B.

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Q.58 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
In 2024, a company had 500 employees. In 2025, it increased workforce by 18%. How many employees does it have now?
A 590 employees
B 610 employees
C 620 employees
D 650 employees
Correct Answer:  A. 590 employees
EXPLANATION

New employees = 500 × (1 + 0.18) = 500 × 1.18 = 590.

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Q.59 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
The ratio of boys to girls in a school is 3:2. What percentage of students are girls?
A 30%
B 40%
C 50%
D 60%
Correct Answer:  B. 40%
EXPLANATION

Total parts = 3 + 2 = 5. Girls = 2/5 = 0.4 = 40%.

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Q.60 Easy Quantitative Aptitude Percentage
A factory produces 5000 units. Due to machinery issues, production decreases by 30%. How many units are produced now?
A 3000 units
B 3200 units
C 3500 units
D 4000 units
Correct Answer:  C. 3500 units
EXPLANATION

New production = 5000 × (1 - 0.30) = 5000 × 0.70 = 3500 units.

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