JEE Physics - MCQ Practice Questions

A reversible process has entropy change ΔS_sys = -100 J/K. The entropy change of universe is:

A system absorbs 4000 J of heat and does 1500 J of work. Change in internal energy is:

In a free expansion of ideal gas into vacuum, the entropy change of system is:

Two identical containers of ideal gas are connected by a tube with a valve. Initially, container A has pressure 2P and volume V at temperature T, while container B has pressure P and volume V at the same temperature. When the valve is opened and the system reaches equilibrium, what is the final pressure?

A monatomic ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process ABCA where: A→B is isothermal expansion, B→C is isochoric process, C→A is adiabatic compression. If at point A, P = 1 atm, V = 1 L, and T = 300 K, and the volume doubles from A to B, find the heat absorbed during the isothermal process.

For a Carnot heat engine operating between reservoirs at temperatures T_h = 500 K and T_c = 300 K, if the engine absorbs 5000 J per cycle from the hot reservoir, how much work is done per cycle?

A gas expands adiabatically from state (P₁, V₁, T₁) to state (P₂, V₂, T₂). Which relation is correct for this process?

A diatomic ideal gas is compressed isothermally at 400 K from 10 L to 5 L. The work done on the gas is 2300 J. What is the number of moles of the gas?

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on:

Four moles of a diatomic ideal gas are heated from 300 K to 400 K at constant volume. Find the increase in internal energy. (R = 8.314 J/mol·K)

A thermodynamic system does 600 J of work while 2400 J of heat is supplied to it. What is the change in internal energy?

For a reversible isothermal process of an ideal gas, the entropy change of the universe is:

A gas undergoes a process where PV² = constant. If the gas expands from volume V to 2V, what is the ratio of final to initial pressure?

A system absorbs 8000 J of heat and its internal energy increases by 5000 J. According to the first law of thermodynamics, what work is done by the system?

For an ideal gas undergoing a polytropic process (PV^n = constant), the heat capacity is C = C_v + R/(1-n). For which value of n does the polytropic process become adiabatic?

A thermally insulated container holds 2 moles of oxygen gas at 300 K. A heating element supplies 5000 J of heat to the gas. What is the final temperature? (C_v for O₂ = 5R/2, R = 8.314 J/mol·K)

For a Carnot refrigerator operating between 250 K (cold reservoir) and 300 K (hot reservoir), the coefficient of performance (COP) is:

A substance has a latent heat of vaporization of 2260 kJ/kg at 373 K. The entropy change during vaporization of 1 kg of water is approximately:

When a system undergoes a process where both Q and W are positive, which statement is true?

A gas sample at 300 K has an entropy of 200 J/K. When heated at constant pressure to 600 K, its entropy becomes: