PYQ Bank — Bank PO / Clerk

Normalization is a systematic process in database design that organizes data to eliminate redundancy and anomalies, ensuring data integrity and consistency.

While normalization increases the number of tables (through decomposition into higher normal forms like 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF), it reduces data duplication and prevents insertion, update, and deletion anomalies.

The trade-off involves more tables but cleaner data, whereas denormalization (option A) is sometimes done intentionally for performance but increases redundancy.

Consolidating tables (option C) contradicts normalization principles, and option D describes data security rather than database design.

The most effective approach to reduce merge conflicts is implementing a disciplined workflow with feature branches, smaller and frequent commits, and regular integration (continuous integration practices).

Small commits with clear messages make changes easier to understand and integrate, while feature branches isolate work and reduce the scope of conflicts.

Option A severely limits productivity and collaboration, which defeats the purpose of version control systems.

Option C adds overhead without addressing the root cause of conflicts.

Option D eliminates branching benefits and makes concurrent development nearly impossible, leading to bottlenecks rather than preventing conflicts.

Normalization is a technique used to organize data in a database to minimize redundancy and dependency, thereby improving data integrity and consistency.

While it may sometimes affect query performance, its primary purpose is to eliminate anomalies and maintain data quality.

Storage capacity and encryption are not the main objectives of normalization; rather, it focuses on logical data organization through various normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, etc.).

VPN (Virtual Private Network) creates an encrypted tunnel for data transmission, allowing secure remote access to company resources from anywhere.

This is crucial for work-from-home scenarios and protecting sensitive corporate data.

While VPNs may slightly reduce speed due to encryption overhead, speed enhancement is not their primary purpose. VPNs complement firewalls rather than replace them, and they don't significantly reduce bandwidth costs.

The security and accessibility features are the key advantages.

Cache memory is significantly faster than RAM and works as an intermediary between the CPU and main memory (RAM), storing frequently accessed data and instructions.

The CPU checks cache first before accessing slower RAM, thereby reducing average memory access time and improving performance.

Cache is more expensive per unit capacity than RAM, which is why computers have limited cache (kilobytes to megabytes) compared to RAM (gigabytes).

This hierarchical memory structure is fundamental to modern computer architecture.