Placement Papers Questions & Answers

Q.1 Medium Cognizant Questions Cognizant

In a sequence, each number is the sum of the previous two numbers. If the 5th number is 20 and the 6th number is 32, what is the 4th number?

A 10

B 12

C 15

D 18

Correct Answer: B. 12

EXPLANATION

Let the 4th number be x. Then 5th number = previous number + x. If 5th = 20 and 6th = 32, then 6th = 5th + 5th_previous, so 32 = 20 + (5th_previous). Therefore, 5th_previous = 12. Since 5th_previous is the 4th number, the answer is 12.

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Q.2 Medium Cognizant Questions Cognizant

A train travels from City A to City B at 60 km/h and returns at 40 km/h. The total distance between the two cities is 240 km. What is the average speed of the train for the entire journey?

A 48 km/h

B 50 km/h

C 52 km/h

D 55 km/h

Correct Answer: A. 48 km/h

EXPLANATION

Average speed = Total Distance / Total Time. Distance one way = 240 km. Time from A to B = 240/60 = 4 hours. Time from B to A = 240/40 = 6 hours. Total Distance = 480 km, Total Time = 10 hours. Average Speed = 480/10 = 48 km/h.

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Q.3 Medium Google Questions Google

In TCP/IP model, which layer handles IP addresses?

A Application Layer

B Transport Layer

C Internet Layer

D Link Layer

Correct Answer: C. Internet Layer

EXPLANATION

The Internet Layer (Layer 3) handles IP addresses and routing. Transport Layer (Layer 4) handles ports.

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Q.4 Medium Google Questions Google

What does MapReduce do?

A Reduces maps to a single value

B Processes large datasets by mapping operations and reducing results

C Only works with arrays

D Is used only in front-end development

Correct Answer: B. Processes large datasets by mapping operations and reducing results

EXPLANATION

MapReduce is a programming model for processing large datasets in parallel by mapping data and then reducing results.

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Q.5 Medium Google Questions Google

What principle is followed when designing Google's systems?

A Monolithic architecture

B Distributed systems with horizontal scalability

C Centralized database model

D Sequential processing

Correct Answer: B. Distributed systems with horizontal scalability

EXPLANATION

Google designs distributed systems that can scale horizontally across many machines to handle billions of requests.

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Q.6 Medium Google Questions Google

In microservices architecture, what is an API Gateway?

A A server that stores APIs

B A single entry point for client requests to multiple microservices

C A database for API data

D A security firewall

Correct Answer: B. A single entry point for client requests to multiple microservices

EXPLANATION

API Gateway is a server that acts as an intermediary between clients and microservices, handling routing, authentication, and load balancing.

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Q.7 Medium Google Questions Google

What is the correct output of: print(2 ** 3 ** 2) in Python?

A 64

B 512

C 8

D 256

Correct Answer: B. 512

EXPLANATION

Exponentiation is right-associative in Python. 32 = 9, then 29 = 512

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Q.8 Medium Google Questions Google

In dynamic programming, what is memoization?

A Breaking problem into subproblems

B Storing results of subproblems to avoid recomputation

C Creating a memo

D Sorting results

Correct Answer: B. Storing results of subproblems to avoid recomputation

EXPLANATION

Memoization is an optimization technique where results of expensive function calls are cached and returned when same inputs occur again.

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Q.9 Medium Google Questions Google

Which sorting algorithm is stable and has O(n log n) worst-case complexity?

A QuickSort

B MergeSort

C HeapSort

D Selection Sort

Correct Answer: B. MergeSort

EXPLANATION

MergeSort has O(n log n) worst-case and is stable. QuickSort is O(n²) worst-case, HeapSort is not stable.

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Q.10 Medium Google Questions Google

What is the space complexity of QuickSort?

A O(1)

B O(log n)

C O(n)

D O(n log n)

Correct Answer: B. O(log n)

EXPLANATION

QuickSort uses O(log n) space for the recursion call stack in the average case.

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