The concept of 'Judicial Review' in Indian constitutional law primarily functions to:
AReview all decisions made by subordinate courts
BExamine the constitutional validity of legislative and executive actions
CMonitor the functioning of the lower judiciary
DEnsure separation of powers among all three branches
Correct Answer:
B. Examine the constitutional validity of legislative and executive actions
EXPLANATION
Judicial Review is the power of courts to examine the constitutional validity of laws made by the legislature and actions taken by the executive to ensure they don't violate constitutional provisions.
Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the appointment of the Lokpal?
AArticle 52
BArticle 280
CArticle 363
DArticle 226
Correct Answer:
C. Article 363
EXPLANATION
Article 363 of the Indian Constitution provides for the establishment and appointment of the Lokpal. The Lokpal and Lokayukta Act, 2013 provides the statutory framework for this constitutional institution.
In the context of administrative law, the principle of 'Proportionality' primarily ensures that:
AAdministrative action is taken in direct proportion to the authority granted
BPunishment is proportionate to the offense committed
CAdministrative decisions don't exceed what is necessary to achieve legitimate objectives
DAll administrative bodies have equal authority
Correct Answer:
C. Administrative decisions don't exceed what is necessary to achieve legitimate objectives
EXPLANATION
The principle of Proportionality in administrative law ensures that restrictive measures adopted by an administration are not more than necessary to achieve legitimate aims, balancing individual rights with public interest.
Which of the following statements about the Comptroller and Auditor-General (CAG) of India is correct?
ACAG is appointed by the President and reports to the Prime Minister
BCAG's audit reports go directly to Parliament and State Legislatures
CCAG can be removed by the President without any proceedings
DCAG's tenure is for 7 years or until age 65, whichever is earlier
Correct Answer:
B. CAG's audit reports go directly to Parliament and State Legislatures
EXPLANATION
CAG is an independent constitutional authority who submits audit reports directly to Parliament and State Legislatures. CAG reports to these bodies, not to the executive, ensuring independence.
Which committee report in 2023 recommended reforms in the functioning of subordinate courts in India?
AMalimath Committee Report
BNarasimhan Committee Report
CGajendragadkar Committee Report
DJustice B.N. Srikrishna Committee Report
Correct Answer:
B. Narasimhan Committee Report
EXPLANATION
The Narasimhan Committee Report (2023) made significant recommendations regarding the functioning, administration, and modernization of subordinate courts and the subordinate judiciary in India.
Under the Disaster Management Act, 2005, which authority is responsible for coordination of disaster management at the national level?
ANational Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
BState Disaster Management Authority (SDMA)
CDistrict Disaster Management Authority (DDMA)
DMinistry of Home Affairs
Correct Answer:
A. National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
EXPLANATION
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), headed by the Prime Minister, is the apex body responsible for disaster management coordination at the national level in India.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the State Election Commission of West Bengal?
AConducting elections to local bodies
BDelimitation of constituencies for Lok Sabha elections
CSuperintendence of elections to Panchayats and Municipalities
DPreparation of electoral rolls for local body elections
Correct Answer:
B. Delimitation of constituencies for Lok Sabha elections
EXPLANATION
Delimitation of constituencies for Lok Sabha elections is the function of the Election Commission of India, not the State Election Commission. The State Election Commission handles local body elections like Panchayats and Municipalities.
The Right to Information Act, 2005 exempts disclosure of information in which of the following cases?
AInformation related to national security and sovereignty
BPersonal information of citizens
CInformation that could endanger public safety
DAll of the above
Correct Answer:
D. All of the above
EXPLANATION
Section 8 of the RTI Act provides exemptions for national security, personal privacy, public safety, and other sensitive matters to balance transparency with legitimate confidentiality concerns.
Which of the following powers is exercised by the Governor on the advice of the Council of Ministers in a state?
AAppointment of judges of High Court
BDetermination of salaries of state ministers
CDissolution of the State Legislative Assembly
DAll of the above
Correct Answer:
C. Dissolution of the State Legislative Assembly
EXPLANATION
While judges are appointed by the President (not Governor), and salaries are determined by law, the Governor does dissolve the Assembly on ministerial advice. However, judicial appointments remain a presidential function.
The 'Doctrine of Basic Structure' in Indian constitutional law was established to ensure:
AThat amendments cannot alter the fundamental character of the Constitution
BThat only the President can amend the Constitution
CThat all amendments require unanimous parliamentary approval
DThat constitutional amendments can only be made once every five years
Correct Answer:
A. That amendments cannot alter the fundamental character of the Constitution
EXPLANATION
Established in Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, the doctrine prevents constitutional amendments from destroying the Constitution's basic structure, including democracy, federalism, and judicial review.
