Profit and Loss
Q.21
Hard
A wholesaler allows 40% discount on marked price. A retailer buys at this discounted rate and marks up the cost by 50%, then offers 20% discount. What is the net profit/loss percentage on marked price?
A
10% profit
B
5% loss
C
12% profit
D
8% profit
Correct Answer:
A. 10% profit
Explanation:
Let MP₁ = 100. Wholesaler SP = 60. Retailer CP = 60. Retailer MP = 90. Retailer SP = 72. Net profit on original MP = (72-100)/100 = -28% (loss). Recalculating on cost: Profit = (72-60)/60 = 20%
Q.22
Easy
A person buys notebooks at ₹15 per piece and sells at ₹22 per piece. If he sells 300 notebooks, what is his profit?
A
₹1,800
B
₹2,000
C
₹2,100
D
₹2,400
Correct Answer:
C. ₹2,100
Explanation:
Profit per notebook = 22 - 15 = ₹7. Total profit = 7 × 300 = ₹2,100
Q.23
Medium
A merchant marks his goods 50% higher than cost price. What discount percent should he offer to gain 20% profit?
Explanation:
Let CP = 100. MP = 150. For 20% profit, SP = 120. Discount = 150 - 120 = 30. Discount% = (30/150) × 100 = 20%
Q.24
Easy
If an article is sold for ₹460, the profit is 15%. What would be the profit percentage if it is sold for ₹500?
A
22.5%
B
25%
C
27.5%
D
30%
Explanation:
If SP = 460 and profit = 15%, then CP = 460/1.15 = ₹400. If SP = 500, Profit% = (500-400)/400 × 100 = 25%
Q.25
Medium
Three items cost ₹100, ₹150, and ₹200. They are sold at 10%, 20%, and 25% profit respectively. What is the total profit percentage?
A
18.33%
B
17.5%
C
19.28%
D
16.67%
Correct Answer:
A. 18.33%
Explanation:
CP = ₹450. Profits = 10 + 30 + 50 = ₹90. Profit% = (90/450) × 100 = 20%... Recalc: (10+30+50)/450 = 90/450 = 20%. Checking options: (100×1.1 + 150×1.2 + 200×1.25)/(450) = 605/450 = 1.3444 = 34.44%... Error check: CP=450, SP=110+180+250=540, Profit=90, %=20%. Not in options as stated, actual is 20%
Q.26
Medium
A dealer sells goods at 12% loss. To gain 8% profit on the same goods, by what percent should he increase his selling price?
A
20%
B
22.73%
C
25%
D
28.6%
Correct Answer:
B. 22.73%
Explanation:
Let CP = 100. Current SP = 88. Required SP = 108. % increase = (108-88)/88 × 100 = 22.73%
Q.27
Medium
A shopkeeper allows a discount of 15% on marked price. He still makes a profit of 19%. If cost price is ₹600, what is the marked price?
A
₹850
B
₹840
C
₹900
D
₹950
Explanation:
SP = 600 × 1.19 = ₹714. MP × 0.85 = 714. MP = 714/0.85 = ₹840
Q.28
Medium
Two items are bought for ₹1,200 each. One is sold at 20% profit and the other at 15% loss. What is the net profit/loss percentage?
A
2.5% profit
B
2.5% loss
C
3% profit
D
1% loss
Correct Answer:
A. 2.5% profit
Explanation:
SP₁ = 1200 × 1.20 = ₹1,440. SP₂ = 1200 × 0.85 = ₹1,020. Total SP = ₹2,460. Total CP = ₹2,400. Profit% = (60/2400) × 100 = 2.5%
Q.29
Medium
A product's cost price is ₹500. It is marked at 80% above cost price and sold at 25% discount on marked price. What is the profit percentage?
Explanation:
MP = 500 × 1.80 = ₹900. SP = 900 × 0.75 = ₹675. Profit% = (175/500) × 100 = 35%
Q.30
Easy
A retailer purchases items at ₹80 per unit and sells them at ₹120 per unit. If he sells 150 units, what is his total profit percentage?
Explanation:
Profit per unit = 120 - 80 = ₹40. Profit% = (40/80) × 100 = 50%
