Using dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder: Number = 11 × 9 + 5 = 99 + 5 = 104

51 = 3 × 17 (not prime), 53 is prime (only divisible by 1 and 53), 55 = 5 × 11 (not prime), 57 = 3 × 19 (not prime).

Therefore, 53 is the smallest prime greater than 50.

36 = 2² × 3².

Number of factors = (2+1)(2+1) = 3 × 3 = 9.

The factors are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36.

12 = 2² × 3, 18 = 2 × 3², 24 = 2³ × 3. LCM = 2³ × 3² = 8 × 9 = 72.

∛512 = ∛(8³) = 8, since 8 × 8 × 8 = 512.

Odd numbers between 10 and 50: 11, 13, 15, ..., 49.

This is an AP with first term 11, last term 49, and common difference 2.

Number of terms = (49-11)/2 + 1 = 19 + 1 = 20.

Let the number be n.

Given: n = 8k + 5 for some integer k.

When divided by 4: n = 8k + 5 = 4(2k) + 4 + 1 = 4(2k + 1) + 1.

Therefore, remainder = 1.

Prime factorization of 360: 360 = 2³ × 3² × 5.

The unique prime factors are 2, 3, and 5.

Product = 2 × 3 × 5 = 30.

Using the formula: HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers.

Therefore, 12 × LCM = 2160, so LCM = 2160 ÷ 12 = 180.

Factors of 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18.

Factors of 27: 1, 3, 9, 27.

Common factors: 1, 3, 9.

Highest common factor = 9.