Anugrah Narayan Sinha served as the first Chief Minister of Bihar from 1946 to 1948 during the transition period before India's independence.

Madhubani Painting, also known as Mithila Art, from Madhubani district in Bihar was recognized by UNESCO for its significant cultural value. It is a traditional art form practiced by women for generations.

During the 15th century, the Bahmani Sultanate and later the Bengal Sultanate's influence in Bihar led to significant changes in administrative, military, and cultural practices in the region.

Patna, known as Pataliputra in ancient times, was the capital of the Mauryan Empire under Emperor Ashoka and other Mauryan rulers.

Nalanda University, one of the world's oldest universities, was located in Bihar and was a major center of Buddhist learning from the 5th to 12th century.

Wazirganj (now part of Gaya district) is known for its diamond mining operations and has been historically significant for diamond extraction in India.

The industrial corridor connecting Jamshedpur and Asansol passes through Gaya district in Bihar, which is a major coal and mineral-rich region.

Satyendra Nath Bose, born in Kolkata but significantly associated with Bihar's scientific heritage, is known for his work on quantum statistics and the Bose-Einstein condensate.

Bihar played a significant role in the Civil Disobedience Movement (Salt Satyagraha) initiated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930.

Vaishali in Bihar is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site where an Ashokan pillar with royal edicts was discovered, marking it as a major center of early Buddhism.