Q.11
Medium
Which of the following correctly describes the scope of a static variable declared inside a function?
A
Local to the function, retains value between function calls
B
Global scope, initialized once
C
Local to the file only
D
Creates a new instance on each function call
Correct Answer:
A. Local to the function, retains value between function calls
Explanation:
A static variable declared inside a function has local scope (visible only within that function) but persists for the entire program lifetime. Its value is retained between function calls and is initialized only once.
Q.12
Medium
What will be the output of the following C code?
A
10 20 10
B
11 20 10
C
10 21 20
D
11 21 10
Correct Answer:
B. 11 20 10
Explanation:
Step 1: Evaluate condition x < y → 10 < 20 → true. Step 2: Execute true branch: x++ returns 10, then x becomes 11. Step 3: z = 10. Step 4: printf prints x=11, y=20, z=10.
Q.13
Medium
In C, a pointer variable stores which of the following?
A
The actual value of a variable
B
The memory address of a variable
C
The size of a variable
D
The data type of a variable
Correct Answer:
B. The memory address of a variable
Explanation:
A pointer is a variable that stores the memory address of another variable. It is declared using the * symbol.
Q.14
Medium
What is the purpose of the malloc() function in C?
A
To deallocate memory
B
To allocate memory dynamically at runtime
C
To initialize variables
D
To declare arrays
Correct Answer:
B. To allocate memory dynamically at runtime
Explanation:
malloc() (memory allocation) allocates a block of memory dynamically during program execution and returns a pointer to it.
Q.15
Medium
Which of the following correctly initializes an array of 5 integers?
A
int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
B
int arr(5) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
C
int [5] arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
D
int arr[5];
Correct Answer:
A. int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
Explanation:
Arrays in C are declared with square brackets containing the size, followed by initialization in curly braces. Option A is the correct syntax.
Q.16
Medium
What is the default return type of a function in C if not explicitly specified?
A
void
B
int
C
char
D
float
Explanation:
In C, if a function's return type is not explicitly specified, it defaults to int. However, modern C standards require explicit return type declaration.
Q.17
Medium
What does the break statement do in a loop?
A
Skips the current iteration
B
Terminates the loop immediately
C
Pauses the loop
D
Restarts the loop
Correct Answer:
B. Terminates the loop immediately
Explanation:
The break statement immediately terminates the loop and transfers control to the statement following the loop.
Q.18
Medium
Which of the following is used to access members of a structure using a pointer?
A
Dot operator (.)
B
Arrow operator (->)
C
Ampersand (&)
D
Asterisk (*)
Correct Answer:
B. Arrow operator (->)
Explanation:
The arrow operator (->) is used to access structure members through a pointer. The dot operator (.) is used for direct access.
Q.19
Medium
In C, what is the purpose of the #define directive?
A
To define functions
B
To define macros or constants
C
To declare variables
D
To include header files
Correct Answer:
B. To define macros or constants
Explanation:
#define is a preprocessor directive used to define symbolic constants (macros) and performs text substitution before compilation.
Q.20
Medium
What is the correct way to declare a function that takes no parameters and returns an integer?
A
int func();
B
int func(void);
C
func() returns int;
D
int func(no parameters);
Correct Answer:
B. int func(void);
Explanation:
To explicitly declare a function with no parameters in C, use 'void' as the parameter. int func(); is ambiguous in older C standards.
