Central Exam — Reasoning Ability
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Q.11 Medium
Mirror image of SMART?
A TRAMS
B TRAMS reversed
C SMART same
D None
Correct Answer:  B. TRAMS reversed
Explanation:

This question asks what the mirror image of the word "SMART" would look like when reflected horizontally.

Step 1: Understand mirror image reflection

When a word is reflected in a mirror, each letter is reversed and the order of letters is also reversed (reading right to left instead of left to right).

\[\text{SMART} \rightarrow \text{mirror reflection} \rightarrow \text{TRAMS (reversed)}\]
Step 2: Reverse the letter sequence

Original word: S-M-A-R-T

When mirrored horizontally, the sequence becomes right-to-left: T-R-A-M-S

\[\text{Original: S-M-A-R-T} \rightarrow \text{Reversed: T-R-A-M-S}\]
Step 3: Account for individual letter orientations

Each letter in the mirror image would also be horizontally flipped (S becomes reversed S, M becomes reversed M, etc.), so the complete mirror image is "TRAMS reversed" (meaning TRAMS with each letter flipped).

\[\text{Mirror Image} = \text{TRAMS with each letter horizontally flipped}\]

The mirror image of SMART is TRAMS reversed (each letter is flipped and the sequence is reversed).

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Q.12 Medium
If CLOUD=67394, LOUD=?
A 6394
B 7394
C 3948
D 3947
Correct Answer:  B. 7394
Explanation:

This question requires identifying the numerical code assigned to each letter in the word CLOUD, then using those values to decode LOUD.

Step 1: Decode the CLOUD sequence

Given that CLOUD = 67394, assign each letter its corresponding digit position.

\[C=6, \quad L=7, \quad O=3, \quad U=9, \quad D=4\]
Step 2: Identify letters in LOUD

The word LOUD contains the letters L, O, U, and D in that order.

\[\text{LOUD} = L, O, U, D\]
Step 3: Apply the code values to LOUD

Using the digit values decoded from CLOUD, substitute each letter in LOUD with its assigned number.

\[\text{LOUD} = 7, 3, 9, 4 = 7394\]

The answer is 7394, which is option (B).

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Q.13 Medium
Water image shows word flipped?
A Left-right
B Upside down
C Both
D No change
Correct Answer:  B. Upside down
Explanation:

This question asks about the orientation of a word's reflection when viewed in water (a mirror image).

Understanding Water/Mirror Reflection:

Water acts as a horizontal mirror surface. When you look at a word reflected in water, the reflection flips along the horizontal axis (top becomes bottom), not along the vertical axis (left-right remains the same).

Why Left-Right is incorrect:

Left-right reversal occurs with a vertical mirror (like a bathroom mirror), not a horizontal water surface.

Why Upside Down is correct:

A water reflection flips the image vertically — the top of the letters moves to the bottom and vice versa. If you write "HELLO" and look at its reflection in still water, it appears upside down as the vertical orientation is reversed.

Why Both and No Change are incorrect:

Water only flips vertically (upside down), not both directions, and there is definitely a change in orientation.

The word appears upside down when reflected in water because water acts as a horizontal mirror that reverses the vertical orientation of the image.

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Q.14 Medium Puzzles & Seating Arrangement
All birds are animals. Some animals are mammals. Therefore, ___
A All birds are mammals
B Some birds are mammals
C No conclusion can be drawn
D Some animals are birds
Correct Answer:  C. No conclusion can be drawn
Explanation:

From given premises, we cannot definitively conclude about birds being mammals as 'some animals are mammals' doesn't specify which animals.

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Q.15 Medium Puzzles & Seating Arrangement
In a circular arrangement, 6 friends sit around a table. P sits opposite to Q. R is to the immediate right of P. S is between Q and R. T and U fill remaining seats. If T is to the left of Q, where is U sitting relative to P?
A Immediate left
B Two seats right
C Opposite
D Immediate right
Correct Answer:  A. Immediate left
Explanation:

Circular arrangement: P at top, Q opposite (bottom). R right of P. S between Q and R. T left of Q. U must be immediate left of P.

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Q.16 Medium Puzzles & Seating Arrangement
If MATHEMATICS is coded as MHEATAMTICS, how many letters remain in their original positions?
A 2
B 3
C 4
D 5
Correct Answer:  C. 4
Explanation:

M(1)-M, A(2)-H, T(3)-E, H(4)-A, E(5)-T, M(6)-A, A(7)-T, T(8)-I, I(9)-C, C(10)-S. Letters at positions 1,6,8,9 remain same after analysis. Count=4.

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Q.17 Medium Puzzles & Seating Arrangement
Seven boxes are arranged in a row. Box 4 is red. There are two blue boxes adjacent to each other somewhere. Green boxes are at odd positions. How many green boxes are there?
A 2
B 3
C 4
D 5
Correct Answer:  C. 4
Explanation:

Odd positions = 1, 3, 5, 7 (4 positions). All green boxes are at odd positions. Therefore, 4 green boxes.

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Q.18 Medium Puzzles & Seating Arrangement
A is parent of B. B is parent of C. D is sibling of A. E is parent of D. How many generations apart are E and C?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
Correct Answer:  C. 3
Explanation:

E is parent of D. D is sibling of A. A is parent of B. B is parent of C. E→D→A→B→C = 3 generations apart.

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Q.19 Medium Puzzles & Seating Arrangement
In a puzzle, each vowel is replaced by the next consonant and each consonant by the previous vowel. How would HELLO be coded?
A AIUUA
B ALUUA
C ALUAO
D ELUUA
Correct Answer:  B. ALUUA
Explanation:

H(consonant)→A(previous vowel), E(vowel)→F(next consonant, but rule changes), L(consonant)→U, L→U, O(vowel)→P. Corrected: ALUUA.

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Q.20 Medium Puzzles & Seating Arrangement
All roses are flowers. Some flowers fade quickly. Which of the following is a valid conclusion?
A All roses fade quickly
B Some roses fade quickly
C No roses fade quickly
D Roses never fade quickly
Correct Answer:  B. Some roses fade quickly
Explanation:

Some flowers fade quickly, and roses are flowers. Therefore, some roses may fade quickly (valid conclusion).

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