Stomata open during the day (when light is available for photosynthesis) and close at night. This reduces water loss during low photosynthetic activity periods.

Sugarcane is a C4 plant adapted to high light and temperature conditions. C4 plants first fix CO2 into a 4-carbon compound (oxaloacetate).

The nucleolus within the nucleus is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosome assembly in eukaryotic cells.

Plasmolysis is the shrinkage of protoplasm away from the cell wall when placed in hypertonic solution. It's reversible if not prolonged.

Using v² = u² - 2gh, where final velocity v = 0, u = 40 m/s, g = 10 m/s². We get h = 1600/20 = 80 m

Newton is a derived unit (kg⋅m⋅s⁻²). Ampere, Kelvin, and Mole are SI base units

Using v² = u² + 2as, where v = 0, u = 20 m/s, a = -5 m/s². We get s = 400/10 = 40 m

Pascal (Pa) is the SI unit of pressure, equal to 1 N/m²

Rainbows form due to refraction of sunlight entering water droplets and dispersion of different wavelengths

According to law of reflection, angle of incidence equals angle of reflection