Government Jobs Exam Preparation — SSC, UPSC, Bank, Railway

Q.1 Easy

A train travels 240 km in 4 hours. If it increases its speed by 20%, how much distance will it cover in 5 hours at the new speed?

A 300 km

B 360 km

C 330 km

D 288 km

Correct Answer: B. 360 km

Explanation:

Step 1: Calculate the original speed

The train travels 240 km in 4 hours, so we divide distance by time.

\text{Original Speed} = \frac{240 \text{ km}}{4 \text{ hours}} = 60 \text{ km/h}

Step 2: Calculate the new speed after 20% increase

The speed increases by 20%, so we multiply the original speed by 1.20.

\text{New Speed} = 60 \times 1.20 = 72 \text{ km/h}

Step 3: Calculate distance covered in 5 hours at new speed

Distance equals speed multiplied by time.

\text{Distance} = 72 \text{ km/h} \times 5 \text{ hours} = 360 \text{ km}

The train will cover 360 km in 5 hours at the new speed.

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Q.2 Easy

A shopkeeper buys notebooks at ₹40 each and sells them at ₹50 each. If he sells 120 notebooks in a day, what is his total profit?

A ₹1,200

B ₹1,500

C ₹1,800

D ₹2,000

Correct Answer: A. ₹1,200

Explanation:

Step 1: Calculate Total Cost Price

The shopkeeper buys 120 notebooks at ₹40 each.

\text{Total Cost Price} = 120 \times 40 = ₹4,800

Step 2: Calculate Total Selling Price

The shopkeeper sells 120 notebooks at ₹50 each.

\text{Total Selling Price} = 120 \times 50 = ₹6,000

Step 3: Calculate Total Profit

Profit is the difference between selling price and cost price.

\text{Total Profit} = \text{Selling Price} - \text{Cost Price} = 6,000 - 4,800 = ₹1,200

The shopkeeper's total profit for selling 120 notebooks in a day is ₹1,200.

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Q.3 Easy

A sum of money becomes ₹9,600 after 5 years at a simple interest rate of 8% per annum. What was the principal amount?

A ₹6,000

B ₹6,857

C ₹7,200

D ₹8,000

Correct Answer: A. ₹6,000

Explanation:

Step 1: Identify the Simple Interest Formula

The formula for amount in simple interest is A = P + SI, where SI = PRT/100

A = P + \frac{PRT}{100}

Step 2: Substitute Known Values

Given: A = ₹9,600, T = 5 years, R = 8% per annum

9,600 = P + \frac{P \times 8 \times 5}{100}

Step 3: Simplify and Solve for Principal

9,600 = P + \frac{40P}{100}

\[9,600 = P + 0.4P\]

\[9,600 = 1.4P\]

P = \frac{9,600}{1.4} = \frac{96,000}{14} = 6,000

The principal amount was ₹6,000.

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Q.4 Easy

A person invests ₹5,000 at 6% per annum simple interest. After how many years will the amount become ₹6,500?

A 3 years

B 4 years

C 5 years

D 6 years

Correct Answer: C. 5 years

Explanation:

Step 1: Identify the given values

Principal (P) = ₹5,000, Rate (R) = 6% per annum, Final Amount (A) = ₹6,500

P = 5000, \quad R = 6\%, \quad A = 6500

Step 2: Calculate the Simple Interest

Simple Interest (SI) = Final Amount - Principal

\[SI = A - P = 6500 - 5000 = 1500\]

Step 3: Apply the Simple Interest formula to find Time

Using the formula: \(SI = \frac{P \times R \times T}{100}\)

1500 = \frac{5000 \times 6 \times T}{100}

1500 = \frac{30000 \times T}{100}

1500 = 300 \times T

T = \frac{1500}{300} = 5 \text{ years}

The amount will become ₹6,500 after 5 years.

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Q.5 Easy Profit and Loss

A trader buys mangoes at ₹8 per kg and sells them at ₹12 per kg. What is his profit percentage?

A 40%

B 50%

C 60%

D 45%

Correct Answer: B. 50%

Explanation:

Step 1: Identify Cost Price and Selling Price

Cost Price (CP) = ₹8 per kg and Selling Price (SP) = ₹12 per kg

\text{CP} = ₹8, \quad \text{SP} = ₹12

Step 2: Calculate Profit

Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price

\text{Profit} = ₹12 - ₹8 = ₹4

Step 3: Calculate Profit Percentage

Profit percentage is calculated as profit divided by cost price, multiplied by 100

\text{Profit\%} = \frac{\text{Profit}}{\text{Cost Price}} \times 100 = \frac{4}{8} \times 100 = \frac{1}{2} \times 100 = 50\%

The trader's profit percentage is 50%.

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Q.6 Easy Profit and Loss

If an article is purchased for ₹450 and sold at a loss of 8%, what is the selling price?

A ₹414

B ₹418

C ₹420

D ₹422

Correct Answer: A. ₹414

Explanation:

Step 1: Identify the given information

Cost Price (CP) = ₹450 and Loss = 8%

\text{Given: CP} = ₹450, \text{ Loss} = 8\%

Step 2: Calculate the loss amount

Loss amount = 8% of Cost Price

\text{Loss amount} = \frac{8}{100} \times 450 = 0.08 \times 450 = ₹36

Step 3: Calculate the selling price

Selling Price = Cost Price − Loss amount

\text{SP} = 450 - 36 = ₹414

The selling price of the article is ₹414.

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Q.7 Easy Profit and Loss

A retailer buys notebooks at ₹40 each and sells them at ₹50 each. How many notebooks must he sell to make a profit of ₹600?

A 55

B 60

C 65

D 70

Correct Answer: B. 60

Explanation:

Step 1: Find profit per notebook

The retailer buys at ₹40 and sells at ₹50, so profit on each notebook is the difference.

\text{Profit per notebook} = 50 - 40 = ₹10

Step 2: Set up equation for total profit

Let the number of notebooks sold be x. The total profit equals profit per notebook multiplied by number of notebooks.

\text{Total Profit} = \text{Profit per notebook} \times \text{Number of notebooks}

600 = 10 \times x

Step 3: Solve for number of notebooks

Divide both sides by 10 to find x.

x = \frac{600}{10} = 60

The retailer must sell 60 notebooks to make a profit of ₹600.

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Q.8 Easy Simple Interest

Rajesh invested ₹5,000 at a simple interest rate of 8% per annum for 3 years. How much total amount will he receive after 3 years?

A ₹6,200

B ₹6,400

C ₹6,100

D ₹6,300

Correct Answer: A. ₹6,200

Explanation:

Step 1: Use SI formula: SI = (P × R × T) / 100.

Step 2: SI = (5000 × 8 × 3) / 100 = 120000 / 100 = ₹1,200.

Step 3: Total Amount = Principal + SI = 5000 + 1200 = ₹6,200.

So option A is correct.

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Q.9 Easy Simple Interest

At what rate of simple interest per annum will ₹8,000 amount to ₹9,600 in 2 years?

A 9%

B 10%

C 11%

D 8%

Correct Answer: B. 10%

Explanation:

Step 1: Find SI = Amount - Principal = 9600 - 8000 = ₹1,600.

Step 2: Use SI = (P × R × T) / 100, so 1600 = (8000 × R × 2) / 100.

Step 3: 1600 = 160R, therefore R = 10%.

So option B is correct.

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Q.10 Easy Simple Interest

In how many years will ₹12,000 become ₹15,600 at 6% simple interest per annum?

A 4.5 years

B 5 years

C 4 years

D 5.5 years

Correct Answer: B. 5 years

Explanation:

Step 1: Find SI = 15600 - 12000 = ₹3,600.

Step 2: Use SI = (P × R × T) / 100, so 3600 = (12000 × 6 × T) / 100.

Step 3: 3600 = 720T, therefore T = 5 years.

So option B is correct.

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