Govt. Exams
Entrance Exams
Plasmolysis is the shrinkage of protoplasm away from the cell wall when placed in hypertonic solution. It's reversible if not prolonged.
The nucleolus within the nucleus is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis and ribosome assembly in eukaryotic cells.
Sugarcane is a C4 plant adapted to high light and temperature conditions. C4 plants first fix CO2 into a 4-carbon compound (oxaloacetate).
Stomata open during the day (when light is available for photosynthesis) and close at night. This reduces water loss during low photosynthetic activity periods.
Chlorophyll a is the primary pigment that directly participates in the light reactions of photosynthesis and forms the reaction centre of both photosystems.
One sperm nucleus fertilizes the egg (embryo), another fuses with polar nuclei (endosperm); this endosperm provides nutritive tissue for the developing embryo.
Ethylene (C₂H₄) is the ripening hormone that triggers color change, softening, and aroma development in climacteric fruits.
Etiolation is the adaptation to grow in darkness: shoots elongate, leaves remain pale (no chlorophyll), and seedlings appear yellowish.
Maize is a C4 plant with higher photosynthetic efficiency and drought tolerance compared to C3 crops like wheat and rice.
Rubisco is the most abundant enzyme on Earth and catalyzes both carboxylation (photosynthesis) and oxygenation (photorespiration) of RuBP.
