Govt. Exams
Entrance Exams
Vishnugupta, also known as Kautilya or Chanakya, was the chief minister and strategist of Chandragupta Maurya (c. 321-297 BCE).
He is credited with helping Chandragupta establish and expand the Mauryan Empire.
Kautilya authored the Arthashastra, a treatise on statecraft and administration.
The Rigveda is the oldest Vedic text (c. 1500-1200 BCE) and consists of 1028 hymns dedicated to various Vedic deities like Indra, Agni, and Soma.
The Yajur Veda contains sacrificial formulas, Sama Veda contains musical chants, and Atharva Veda contains spells and incantations.
The Indus Valley Civilization (c. 3300-1300 BCE) was contemporary with Egyptian Old Kingdom (c. 2686-2181 BCE) and Mesopotamian civilizations.
Its script remains undeciphered, there is limited evidence of temples, and it was primarily urban and sedentary, not nomadic.