Govt. Exams
Entrance Exams
Cellulose is a β-1,4-linked glucose polymer that humans cannot digest due to lack of cellulase enzyme. It cannot enter glycolysis.
Mutarotation is the spontaneous interconversion between α and β anomers of glucose at the anomeric carbon until equilibrium is reached.
Phosphoglucose isomerase catalyzes the interconversion of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate in glycolysis.
Sucrose is composed of glucose and fructose linked by α-1,2-glycosidic bond. Maltose has α-1,4 bond between two glucose molecules.
Fructose is a ketohexose (6-carbon ketone sugar), while glucose, galactose are aldohexoses, and ribose is a pentose.
Maltose is a reducing sugar because it has a free anomeric carbon. Sucrose and trehalose are non-reducing sugars as both anomeric carbons are involved in glycosidic bonds.
Anaerobic glycolysis produces 4 ATP molecules but consumes 2 ATP, resulting in a net gain of 2 ATP per glucose molecule.
Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) catalyzes the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and is subject to allosteric inhibition by ATP and citrate.
Phosphoglucose isomerase catalyzes the isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in the second step of glycolysis.
Ribose is a 5-carbon (pentose) sugar, while glucose, galactose, and fructose are hexoses (6-carbon sugars).
