Govt. Exams
Entrance Exams
Thevenin equivalent voltage is the open-circuit voltage measured across the two terminals when the load is removed from the circuit.
An ideal voltage source maintains constant voltage regardless of load, which requires zero internal resistance.
In a purely inductive circuit, current lags voltage by 90° due to self-inductance effects.
KCL states that the algebraic sum of currents at a node is zero, meaning currents entering equal currents leaving.
At resonance, XL = XC, leading to the resonant frequency formula f₀ = 1/(2π√LC).
In a purely resistive circuit, voltage and current are in phase, so the phase difference is 0°.
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem states that maximum power is delivered when load resistance equals the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the source.
Power factor is the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current, representing the fraction of apparent power that is real power.
Impedance in a series RLC circuit is the vector sum of resistance and net reactance. Z = √(R² + (XL - XC)²) is the standard formula.