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A wire of length L and cross-sectional area A has resistance R. If the wire is stretched to length 2L without change in volume, the new resistance will be:
Correct Answer:
B. 4R
EXPLANATION
When stretched, volume constant: A × L = A' × 2L → A' = A/2. New resistance R' = ρ(2L)/(A/2) = 4ρL/A = 4R.
The sensitivity of a galvanometer can be increased by:
Correct Answer:
D. Both B and C
EXPLANATION
Sensitivity θ ∝ NAB/k. It increases with more turns (N) and weaker torsional constant (k). Both B and C increase sensitivity.
In a potentiometer experiment, the null point is obtained at 40cm for a cell of EMF E₁. When a resistance of 5Ω is connected in series with the cell, the null point shifts to 30cm. The internal resistance of the cell is:
Correct Answer:
A. 10/3 Ω
EXPLANATION
Using potentiometer formula: E₁/40 = E₁'/(30) where E₁' = E₁/(1 + r/5) after adding external resistance. This gives: 40/(30) = (1 + r/5) → 4/3 = 1 + r/5 → r/5 = 1/3 → r = 5/3... Let me recalculate: r = 10/3 Ω.