The phenomenon where the endosperm provides nutrition to the developing embryo is called:

The correct answer is D: Nucellus degeneration. As the endosperm develops and stores nutrients, the nucellus degenerates, allowing the endosperm to provide nutrition directly to the embryo through absorptive cells.

Vegetative reproduction through runners is observed in:

The correct answer is C: Strawberry. Strawberry reproduces vegetatively through runners (stolons) that develop new plants at nodes.

The nucellus in an ovule functions primarily to:

The correct answer is C: Provide nutrition to the developing female gametophyte. The nucellus is the nutritive tissue surrounding the megasporangium that provides nutrients to the developing megaspore and female gametophyte.

What is the term for genes located on the X chromosome?

The correct answer is B: Sex-linked genes. Sex-linked genes are located on sex chromosomes, particularly the X chromosome. X-linked traits show different inheritance patterns in males and females.

The ascent of sap in tall trees is best explained by:

The correct answer is C: Cohesion-tension theory. The cohesion-tension theory explains water transport in tall trees through cohesive forces between water molecules and tension created by transpiration.

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NEET Botany

Botany questions for NEET UG — Plant Anatomy, Physiology, Reproduction, Ecology.

90 Q 7 Topics Take Mock Test

Difficulty: All Easy Medium Hard 1–10 of 90

Topics in NEET Botany

All Plant Kingdom 100 Plant Anatomy 100 Plant Physiology 100 Reproduction in Plants 60 Genetics & Heredity 20 Ecology & Environment 20 Biotechnology in Plants 20

Q.1 Hard Biotechnology in Plants

What is the main advantage of using somatic embryogenesis over organogenesis in plant tissue culture?

A Faster plant regeneration

B Produces genetically identical clones directly

C Requires less nutrients

D Uses less space

Correct Answer: B. Produces genetically identical clones directly

EXPLANATION

Somatic embryogenesis produces complete plants directly from embryos, ensuring genetic fidelity better than organogenesis which may show variations.

Test

Q.2 Hard Biotechnology in Plants

Which technique is used to confirm the integration of foreign DNA into plant genome?

A Northern blotting

B Southern blotting

C Western blotting

D PCR alone

Correct Answer: B. Southern blotting

EXPLANATION

Southern blotting detects integrated DNA sequences in the plant genome, confirming stable genetic transformation.

Test

Q.3 Hard Biotechnology in Plants

What is the concern associated with widespread cultivation of Bt crops?

A Reduced photosynthesis

B Development of insect resistance to Bt toxin

C Increased water requirement

D Loss of chlorophyll

Correct Answer: B. Development of insect resistance to Bt toxin

EXPLANATION

Repeated exposure to Bt toxin can lead to the evolution of resistant insect populations, a major concern in sustainable agriculture.

Test

Q.4 Hard Biotechnology in Plants

Which of the following traits cannot be introduced into plants through Bt technology?

A Insect resistance

B Herbicide tolerance

C Drought resistance

D Disease resistance to insects

Correct Answer: C. Drought resistance

EXPLANATION

Bt technology specifically transfers bacterial genes for insecticidal proteins. Drought resistance requires different genes and mechanisms.

Test

Q.5 Hard Ecology & Environment

Which of the following phenomena is an example of positive feedback in an ecosystem?

A Predator controlling prey population

B Climate warming causing increased CO₂ release from thawing permafrost

C Decomposition breaking down dead organic matter

D Plants reducing atmospheric CO₂ through photosynthesis

Correct Answer: B. Climate warming causing increased CO₂ release from thawing permafrost

EXPLANATION

Climate warming → permafrost thaw → CO₂ release → more warming is a positive feedback loop that amplifies the initial change, unlike negative feedback which stabilizes systems.

Test

Q.6 Hard Ecology & Environment

The biodiversity of India is attributed primarily to:

A Large geographical area only

B Diverse climates, topography, rainfall patterns, and geological history

C High human population

D Recent conservation efforts

Correct Answer: B. Diverse climates, topography, rainfall patterns, and geological history

EXPLANATION

India's exceptional biodiversity is due to its diverse climatic zones (tropical to alpine), varied topography, monsoon patterns, and complex geological history creating multiple ecological niches.

Test

Q.7 Hard Genetics & Heredity

A cross between a plant with genotype AaBb and a plant with genotype aabb produces 160 offspring. Due to linkage between genes A and B (20 map units apart), the expected frequency of AaBb offspring will be approximately ______.

A 10

B 20

C 40

D 80

Correct Answer: C. 40

EXPLANATION

With 20 map units distance, recombination frequency is 20%. Parental types (AB/ab) = 40% each, recombinants = 10% each. AaBb from coupling = 40 out of 160.

Test

Q.8 Hard Genetics & Heredity

In Drosophila, white eye color (w) is recessive to red eye color (w⁺) and is X-linked. If a white-eyed female is crossed with a red-eyed male, what will be the eye color of the F1 females?

A White

B Red

C Pink

D White and red

Correct Answer: B. Red

EXPLANATION

Cross: ww × w⁺Y produces w⁺w (heterozygous females with red eyes) and wY (white-eyed males). F1 females are red-eyed.

Test

Q.9 Hard Genetics & Heredity

A man with hemophilia (XʰY) marries a normal woman (XʰXʰ). All their daughters will be _______ and all sons will be _______.

A Carriers; affected

B Affected; normal

C Carriers; normal

D Normal; affected

Correct Answer: C. Carriers; normal

EXPLANATION

Cross: XʰY × XʰXʰ produces XʰXʰ (carrier daughters) and XʰY (normal sons). Daughters carry one recessive allele but are phenotypically normal.

Test

Q.10 Hard Reproduction in Plants

In apomixis, the formation of seeds without meiosis and fertilization occurs through which mechanisms?

A Sporogenous tissue degradation only

B Apospory, apomeiosis, or parthenogenesis

C Endosperm fragmentation

D Abnormal megasporogenesis followed by normal fertilization

Correct Answer: B. Apospory, apomeiosis, or parthenogenesis

EXPLANATION

Apomixis includes apospory (diploid egg from vegetative cells), apomeiosis (unreduced spore formation), and parthenogenesis (unfertilized egg development), all bypassing meiosis and fertilization.

Test

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