Govt. Exams
Entrance Exams
Express trains have fewer intermediate stops, allowing them to maintain higher average speeds compared to local trains.
Gradient refers to the slope or angle of incline/decline of the railway track, expressed as a percentage or ratio.
A freight train guard (or brake van attendant) monitors wagon conditions, coupling, load security, and assists in train operations.
Average speed = Total distance / Total time = 450 km / 6 hours = 75 km/h
Ballast (usually stones or gravel) provides a stable bed for sleepers, distributes the load of the track, and improves drainage.
The maximum speed limit for conventional broad gauge passenger trains in India is 130 km/h, though some specialized trains may exceed this.
Indian Railways primarily use 1676 mm (5 feet 6 inches) broad gauge, which is unique to India and a few other countries.
If express:freight = 3:5 and express trains = 24, then 24/3 = 8 (unit value). Freight trains = 5 × 8 = 40.
Total distance = 240 + 180 = 420 km. Total time = 4 + 3 = 7 hours. Average speed = 420/7 = 60 km/h.
A red light signal indicates 'Stop' and the driver must bring the train to a complete halt.
