Madhubani district is world-famous for its traditional Mithila or Madhubani painting, an ancient art form recognized by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

Vaishali district in Bihar is home to the ruins of the ancient Vaishali republic, one of the world's oldest republics. It was the capital of the Lichchavi clan and had a democratic form of governance.

Calculation: 1000 mm × 60% = 1000 × 0.60 = 600 mm. This represents the average monsoon rainfall in Bihar, which significantly impacts agriculture and water resources.

Pataliputra was the capital of the Magadha kingdom during the Mauryan Empire under rulers like Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka.

Nalanda University was one of the world's oldest universities and was a major center for Buddhist learning, attracting scholars from across Asia.

The Ganga River flows through Bihar and is the most important river for the state's agriculture, irrigation, and economy.

The Champaran Satyagraha was led by Gandhi to protest against the indigo plantation system where peasants were forced to grow indigo for European planters.

Bodh Gaya is where Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment and became Buddha under the Bodhi tree.

Nalanda University, located in Bihar, was one of the world's oldest universities (5th-12th century CE) and was primarily renowned for studies in Buddhism, philosophy, logic, and metaphysics, attracting scholars from across Asia.

Bihar covers an area of approximately 94,163 square kilometers, making it the third-smallest state in India by area but the third-most populous state by population.