Bihar occupies approximately 2.5% of India's total geographical area, with an area of about 94,163 square kilometers, making it one of the smaller states in terms of area.

The Arthashastra, written by Chanakya (also known as Kautilya), provides detailed information about the administration, economy, and military organization of the Mauryan Empire centered in Bihar.

Madhubani Painting, also known as Mithila Art, from Madhubani district in Bihar was recognized by UNESCO for its significant cultural value. It is a traditional art form practiced by women for generations.

The industrial corridor connecting Jamshedpur and Asansol passes through Gaya district in Bihar, which is a major coal and mineral-rich region.

Satyendra Nath Bose, born in Kolkata but significantly associated with Bihar's scientific heritage, is known for his work on quantum statistics and the Bose-Einstein condensate.

Bihar played a significant role in the Civil Disobedience Movement (Salt Satyagraha) initiated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930.

Vaishali in Bihar is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site where an Ashokan pillar with royal edicts was discovered, marking it as a major center of early Buddhism.

The irrigation and canal systems in Bihar were primarily developed during the British Colonial Period to facilitate agricultural development and water management.

Champaran Satyagraha was Gandhi's first major civil disobedience campaign in India, conducted in Champaran, Bihar, to protest the exploitation of indigo farmers by British planters.

The Grand Trunk Road, constructed by Sher Shah Suri during the Mughal period, passes through Patna, one of the major cities in Bihar, connecting North and South India.