John Shore introduced the Permanent Settlement in Bengal in 1793, which fixed land revenue permanently and created the zamindari system.
The Government of India Act 1858 transferred power from the East India Company to the British Crown following the 1857 Revolt.
The Ryotwari system, where land revenue was collected directly from peasant proprietors, was introduced in Madras and Bombay presidencies.
The Indian Councils Act of 1861 first introduced Indian members to the legislative councils, though in limited numbers.
William Bentinck (Governor-General 1828-1835) abolished Sati in 1829 through the Bengal Sati Prohibition Act.
The Ilbert Bill sought to grant Indian judges the power to try British citizens in criminal cases, leading to fierce opposition from the British community.
The Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) introduced dyarchy, dividing provincial subjects between elected and nominated representatives.
# Bengal Famine of 1943 - Viceroy Identification
Understanding which British Viceroy was governing India during the devastating Bengal Famine of 1943 requires knowledge of the timeline of British viceroys in India.
Step 1: Identify the Timeline of Viceroys
Lord Linlithgow served as Viceroy of India from 1936 to 1943, which directly encompasses the period of the Bengal Famine. Lord Wavell succeeded him from 1943-1947, Lord Irwin served from 1926-1931, and Lord Curzon served much earlier from 1898-1905.
Step 2: Match the Famine Year to the Viceroy
The Bengal Famine occurred in 1943, and Lord Linlithgow was the Viceroy in office during this catastrophic event that killed approximately 2-3 million people due to food shortage, disease, and wartime mismanagement.
The correct answer is (A) Lord Linlithgow, who was the Viceroy of India during the Bengal Famine of 1943.
The Lucknow Pact of 1916 was signed between Muhammad Ali Jinnah (representing Muslims) and Annie Besant (representing the Home Rule Movement), bridging Hindu-Muslim unity temporarily.
The Cripps Mission (1942) was sent to secure Indian cooperation in World War II by offering a post-war constituent assembly, but failed due to irreconcilable differences.
