HPSC (Haryana)

Bharatiya Samvidhan Divas (Constitution Day) is celebrated on November 26 to commemorate the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1949.

The Right to Information (RTI) Act was passed in 2005 and came into force on October 12, 2005.

Article 17 explicitly abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form.

The Election Commission of India conducts national elections while State Election Commissions conduct local body elections.

Chandigarh is the capital of Haryana, though it is a Union Territory administered separately.

# Solution: States Bordering Haryana

Haryana is a landlocked state in northern India, and identifying its bordering states requires knowledge of Indian geography and political boundaries.

Step 1: Identify Haryana's Geographic Location

Haryana is centrally located in northern India and is surrounded by several states. Let us systematically list all states that share a border with Haryana.

Step 2: List All Bordering States

The five states that share their borders with Haryana are:

1. Punjab (north and west)

2. Himachal Pradesh (north and northeast)

3. Uttar Pradesh (south and southeast)

4. Rajasthan (south and southwest)

5. Delhi (east and center) — Union Territory

Additionally, Haryana also shares a small border with Jammu & Kashmir in some geographical interpretations, but the five primary bordering states/territories are the ones listed above.

Final Answer: (B) 5 Indian states ✓

Haryana shares its border with exactly 5 states: Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Delhi (UT).

# Literacy Rate Analysis: 2011 Census of India

Literacy rate is the percentage of the population aged 7 years and above who can read and write with understanding in any language.

Step 1: Understanding Literacy Rate Definition

Literacy rate measures the proportion of the population that possesses basic reading and writing skills. It is calculated as the number of literate persons divided by the total population aged 7 years and above, multiplied by 100.

Step 2: Comparing States from 2011 Census Data

According to the 2011 Census of India, Kerala achieved the highest literacy rate at 93.91%, followed by Mizoram (91.33%), Delhi (86.34%), and Himachal Pradesh (83.78%). Kerala's superior performance is attributed to its historical emphasis on education, higher female literacy, and sustained investment in the education sector.

[Answer: (A) Kerala has the highest literacy rate at 93.91% according to the 2011 Census of India.]

# Understanding Haryana's Lifeline River

The Ghaggar River is the primary water source for Haryana, originating in the Himalayas and flowing through the state's agricultural regions.

Step 1: Identify the Origin Point

The Ghaggar River originates from the Shivalik Hills (a range of the Himalayas) in Himachal Pradesh, making it a Himalayan-fed river system.

Step 2: Verify Its Role as Lifeline

The Ghaggar River is called the lifeline of Haryana because it provides irrigation water to agricultural lands, supports the economy, and sustains communities throughout the state. It flows through multiple districts including Panchkula, Ambala, and Hisar.

Final Answer: (C) Ghaggar River (or Ghaggar-Hakra) — This is the only river among the options that originates from the Shivalik Hills and serves as Haryana's lifeline. While the Yamuna also flows through Haryana, it originates from different mountains (Banderpunch in Uttarakhand).

Baisakhi is celebrated in Haryana (and Punjab) as a harvest festival marking the beginning of the new year in the Punjabi calendar.

Haryana receives approximately 400-500 mm of average annual rainfall, making it a semi-arid region.