HPSC (Haryana)

NALSA was established under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 to provide free and competent legal services to the poor.

The Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution were inspired by the Irish Constitution of 1937.

All three are quasi-judicial bodies established to provide administrative justice and alternative dispute resolution.

Both the Supreme Court and High Courts have the power to issue writs of Habeas Corpus under Articles 32 and 226 of the Constitution respectively.

# Solution: Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 Implementation Date

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 is a comprehensive criminal law reform that replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code with a modern legal framework for contemporary India.

Step 1: Understanding the Reform Timeline

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 was passed by Parliament as part of three criminal law reform bills in December 2023. However, the actual implementation required a transition period for preparation, training of law enforcement, and institutional readiness.

Step 2: Official Implementation Date

The Government of India officially notified that the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 came into force on 1st July 2024, replacing the Indian Penal Code that had been in effect since 1860. This date marked the formal commencement of the new criminal justice legislation across all Indian states and union territories.

Final Answer: (D) 01 July 2024

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 replaced the Indian Penal Code from 1st July 2024, making it the primary criminal law statute in India from that date onwards.

The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of the Chief Justice of India and the Governor, as per Article 217.

Owning property is a fundamental right, not a fundamental duty. Fundamental duties are listed in Article 51A and do not include property ownership.

Article 164 of the Indian Constitution provides for the appointment of the Chief Minister by the Governor.

A Governor holds office at the pleasure of the President. While typically appointed for 5 years, there is no constitutional maximum tenure limit.

# Understanding Haryana's Administrative Headquarters

Haryana state requires an administrative center that functions as the seat of government and serves as the primary center for state operations.

## Step 1: Identify the Role of State Headquarters

The administrative headquarters of a state is where the Chief Minister's office, state secretariat, and main government institutions are located. This city serves as the political and administrative nerve center of the entire state.

## Step 2: Analyze the Options in Context of Haryana

Chandigarh is the capital of Haryana and was designed as a planned city by renowned architect Le Corbusier after India's independence. It features a systematic grid layout with distinct sectors, wide roads, and organized green spaces—making it a model modern city. While Hisar, Faridabad, and Panchkula are important cities, only Chandigarh serves as the official state capital and administrative headquarters.

The correct answer is (B) Chandigarh, which is the administrative capital of Haryana and is renowned for its planned city structure designed on modernist principles.