Which of the following statements about respiration is correct?

The correct answer is C: Anaerobic respiration in plants produces ethanol and CO2 through fermentation. In plants, anaerobic conditions lead to fermentation producing ethanol and CO2. Aerobic respiration yields ~30-32 ATP; Krebs cycle produces limited ATP directly; Glycolysis is cytoplasmic.

The Km value of an enzyme indicates:

The correct answer is B: The affinity of enzyme for substrate. Km (Michaelis constant) is the substrate concentration at half Vmax, and it inversely represents enzyme affinity for substrate. Lower Km means higher affinity.

Which of the following tissues is responsible for secondary growth in dicot stems?

The correct answer is A: Vascular cambium and cork cambium. Vascular cambium produces secondary xylem and phloem, while cork cambium produces cork and secondary cortex, together contributing to secondary growth.

Which of the following hormones primarily promotes stomatal closure in response to water stress?

The correct answer is B: Abscisic acid (ABA). Abscisic acid is the stress hormone that promotes stomatal closure during drought by reducing guard cell turgor pressure, thereby reducing water loss.

A cross between a plant with genotype AaBb and a plant with genotype aabb produces 160 offspring. Due to linkage between genes A and B (20 map units apart), the expected frequency of AaBb offspring will be approximately ______.

The correct answer is C: 40. With 20 map units distance, recombination frequency is 20%. Parental types (AB/ab) = 40% each, recombinants = 10% each. AaBb from coupling = 40 out of 160.

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NEET Botany
Genetics & Heredity

Botany questions for NEET UG — Plant Anatomy, Physiology, Reproduction, Ecology.

4 Q 7 Topics Take Mock Test

Difficulty: All Easy Medium Hard 1–4 of 4

Topics in NEET Botany

All Plant Kingdom 100 Plant Anatomy 100 Plant Physiology 100 Reproduction in Plants 60 Genetics & Heredity 20 Ecology & Environment 20 Biotechnology in Plants 20

Q.1 Easy Genetics & Heredity

A test cross involves crossing an organism with a dominant phenotype with a _______ individual.

A Homozygous dominant

B Heterozygous

C Homozygous recessive

D Any individual

Correct Answer: C. Homozygous recessive

EXPLANATION

A test cross pairs an individual showing the dominant phenotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the genotype of the dominant phenotype.

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Q.2 Easy Genetics & Heredity

Which law states that factors (alleles) segregate during gamete formation?

A Law of Dominance

B Law of Segregation

C Law of Independent Assortment

D Law of Linkage

Correct Answer: B. Law of Segregation

EXPLANATION

Mendel's Law of Segregation describes how alleles separate during meiosis, resulting in each gamete receiving only one allele for each gene.

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Q.3 Easy Genetics & Heredity

What is the chromosome number in a human somatic cell?

A 23

B 46

C 92

D 48

Correct Answer: B. 46

EXPLANATION

Human somatic cells are diploid with 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Gametes contain 23 chromosomes (haploid).

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Q.4 Easy Genetics & Heredity

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous plants (Aa × Aa), what is the phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

A 1:1

B 3:1

C 9:3:3:1

D 1:2:1

Correct Answer: B. 3:1

EXPLANATION

For a monohybrid cross Aa × Aa, the F2 generation shows 3 dominant : 1 recessive phenotypic ratio, following Mendel's law of segregation.

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NEET Botany Genetics & Heredity

NEET Botany
Genetics & Heredity