Govt. Exams
Entrance Exams
Ectopic pregnancy is typically visible on transvaginal ultrasound when serum hCG levels reach 1000-2000 mIU/mL (discriminatory zone), though this varies.
Prolactin maintains and sustains milk secretion, while oxytocin causes milk ejection reflex. Frequent suckling increases prolactin levels and maintains lactation.
PCOS presents with the triad of amenorrhea/oligomenorrhea, hirsutism (due to androgen excess), and obesity. It's the most common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-age women in India.
Diaphragm has a failure rate of 12% with typical use, higher than male condoms (18%) and female condoms (21%) when considering perfect vs typical use. However, among barrier methods, diaphragm shows higher typical-use failure rates.
FSH levels peak during the follicular phase, stimulating follicle development and estrogen production. Levels decline after ovulation.
hCG, produced by the trophoblast after implantation, maintains the corpus luteum, ensuring continued progesterone production essential for pregnancy maintenance.
The Billings ovulation method is a natural family planning technique based on observing changes in cervical mucus to identify fertile days.
PCOS is characterized by irregular cycles, heavy bleeding, and hormonal imbalances. It's a common cause of menstrual irregularities in reproductive-age women.
Oligospermia (low sperm count) and asthenozoospermia (poor motility) are the major causes of male infertility, often due to lifestyle factors, infections, or genetic issues.
Copper T IUD has the highest efficacy rate at 99.2%, making it one of the most reliable contraceptive methods available in India.
